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. 2023 Sep 27;43(9):BSR20220803.
doi: 10.1042/BSR20220803.

Gut microbiota profile and the influence of nutritional status on bacterial distribution in diabetic and healthy Tunisian subjects

Meriem Fassatoui  1   2 , Azadeh Saffarian  3 , Céline Mulet  3 , Henda Jamoussi  1   4 , Amel Gamoudi  5 , Yosra Ben Halima  1 , Meriem Hechmi  1   6 , Sonia Abdelhak  1   2 , Abdelmajid Abid  1 , Philippe J Sansonetti  3   7 , Thierry Pedron  3 , Rym Kefi  1   2
Affiliations

Gut microbiota profile and the influence of nutritional status on bacterial distribution in diabetic and healthy Tunisian subjects

Meriem Fassatoui et al. Biosci Rep. .

Abstract

Gut microbiota plays a key role in the regulation of metabolism and immunity. We investigated the profile of gut microbiota and the impact of dietary intake on gut bacterial distribution in diabetic and healthy Tunisian subjects, aiming to identify a dysbiotic condition, hence opening the way to restore eubiosis and facilitate return to health. In the present research, we enrolled 10 type 1 diabetic (T1D), 10 type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients and 13 healthy (H) subjects. Illumina Miseq technology was used to sequence V3-V4 hypervariable regions of bacterial 16SrRNA gene. Data were analyzed referring to QIIME 2 pipeline. RStudio software was used to explore the role of nutrition in gut bacterial distribution. At the phylum level, we identified an imbalanced gut microbiota composition in diabetic patients marked by a decrease in the proportion of Firmicutes and an increase in the abundance of Bacteroidetes compared with H subjects. We observed higher amounts of Fusobacteria and a decline in the levels of TM7 phyla in T1D patients compared with H subjects. However, we revealed a decrease in the proportions of Verrucomicrobia in T2D patients compared with H subjects. At the genus level, T2D subjects were more affected by gut microbiota alteration, showing a reduction in the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium, Akkermansia, Clostridium, Blautia and Oscillibacter, whereas T1D group shows a decrease in the proportion of Blautia. The gut bacteria distribution was mainly affected by fats and carbohydrates consumption. Gut microbiota composition was altered in Tunisian diabetic patients and affected by dietary habits.

Keywords: Tunisian; Type 1 Diabetes; Type 2 Diabetes; metataxonomic; microbiome; nutrition.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there are no competing interests associated with the manuscript.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Relative abundance of gut bacteria in the investigated cohort
H: healthy subjects, T1D: Type 1 diabetic patients, T2D: Type 2 diabetic patients.
Figure 2
Figure 2. α-Diversity representation of gut bacteria in Tunisian subjects
H: healthy subjects, T1D: Type 1 diabetic patients, T2D: Type 2 diabetic patients, n: number.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Principal coordinate analysis of gut bacteria in Tunisian participants
H: healthy subjects, T1D: Type 1 diabetic patients, T2D: Type 2 diabetic patients.
Figure 4
Figure 4. Boxplots representing the distribution of gut bacteria in Tunisian groups
H: healthy subjects, T1D: Type 1 diabetic patients, T2D: Type 2 diabetic patients.
Figure 5
Figure 5. Dietary habits impact gut microbial distribution
Comp.1: Component 1, Comp.2: Component 2, H: healthy subjects, T1D: Type 1 diabetic patients, T2D: Type 2 diabetic patients, SFAs: Saturated Fatty Acids, PUSFAs: Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acids.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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