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Review
. 2023 Dec;62(12):1918-1934.
doi: 10.1002/mc.23625. Epub 2023 Sep 6.

The action and resistance mechanisms of Lenvatinib in liver cancer

Anna Buttell  1   2 , Wei Qiu  1   2
Affiliations
Review

The action and resistance mechanisms of Lenvatinib in liver cancer

Anna Buttell et al. Mol Carcinog. 2023 Dec.

Abstract

Lenvatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that prevents the formation of new blood vessels namely by inhibiting tyrosine kinase enzymes as the name suggests. Specifically, Lenvatinib acts on vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1-3 (VEGFR1-3), fibroblast growth factor receptors 1-4 (FGFR1-4), platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha (PDGFRα), tyrosine-kinase receptor (KIT), and rearranged during transfection receptor (RET). Inhibition of these receptors works to inhibit tumor proliferation. It is through these inhibition mechanisms that Lenvatinib was tested to be noninferior to Sorafenib. However, resistance to Lenvatinib is common, making the positive effects of Lenvatinib on a patient's survival null after resistance is acquired. Therefore, it is crucial to understand mechanisms related to Lenvatinib resistance. This review aims to piece together various mechanisms involved in Lenvatinib resistance and summarizes the research done so far investigating it.

Keywords: lenvatinib; liver cancer; resistant mechanisms.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
The c-MET Pathway
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
The EGFR Pathway
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
The Fibronectin Pathway
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
The FZD10 Pathway
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
The ITGB8 and HSP90 Pathway
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
The IRF2 Pathway
Figure 7.
Figure 7.
NF1 and DUSP9 pathways
Figure 8.
Figure 8.
Sophoridine Pathway
Figure 9.
Figure 9.
The YRDC Pathway
Figure 10.
Figure 10.
Lenvatinib in Combination with ICIs
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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