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. 2024 Mar;65(1):2-19.
doi: 10.1177/00221465231194043. Epub 2023 Sep 7.

Structural Sexism and Preventive Health Care Use in the United States

Emily C Dore  1 , Surbhi Shrivastava  1 , Patricia Homan  2
Affiliations

Structural Sexism and Preventive Health Care Use in the United States

Emily C Dore et al. J Health Soc Behav. 2024 Mar.

Abstract

Preventive health care use can reduce the risk of disease, disability, and death. Thus, it is critical to understand factors that shape preventive care use. A growing body of research identifies structural sexism as a driver of population health, but it remains unknown if structural sexism is linked to preventive care use and, if so, whether the relationship differs for women and men. Gender performance and gendered power and resource allocation perspectives lead to competing hypotheses regarding these questions. This study explores the relationship between structural sexism and preventive care in gender-stratified, multilevel models that combine data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System with state-level data (N = 425,454). We find that in states with more structural sexism, both men and women were less likely to seek preventive care. These findings support the gender performance hypothesis for men and the gendered power and resource allocation hypothesis for men and women.

Keywords: gender inequality; health disparities; preventive health care; state context; structural sexism.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Potential Relationships between Structural Sexism and Preventive Care Use Based on Gender Theories
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Associations between Structural Sexism and Odds of Using Preventive Health Care Services Among Women and Men
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