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. 2023 Oct;94(10):960-972.
doi: 10.1007/s00115-023-01546-9. Epub 2023 Sep 7.

[Traumatic brain injury]

[Article in German]
D Pinggera  1 , P Geiger  2 , C Thomé  2
Affiliations

[Traumatic brain injury]

[Article in German]
D Pinggera et al. Nervenarzt. 2023 Oct.

Abstract
in English, German

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) describes parenchymal brain damage caused by external forces to the head. It has a massive personal and socioeconomic impact, as it is a disease with high morbidity and mortality. Both young and old people are affected, as a result of traffic or sports accidents as well as due to falls at home. The term TBI encompasses various clinical pictures, differing considerably in cause, prognosis and therapy. What they all have in common is the pathophysiological cascade that develops immediately after the initial trauma and which can persist for several days and weeks. In this phase, medical treatment, whether surgical or pharmacological, attempts to reduce the consequences of the primary damage. The aim is to maintain adequate cerebral perfusion pressure and to reduce intracranial pressure.

Das Schädel-Hirn-Trauma (SHT) bezeichnet eine durch äußere Gewalteinwirkung bedingte Schädigung des Gehirnparenchyms. Es verursacht massive individuelle und sozioökonomische Folgen aufgrund der hohen Morbidität und Mortalität. Betroffen sind junge Menschen durch Verkehrs- oder Sportunfälle, aber auch zunehmend alte Menschen durch Stürze im häuslichen Umfeld. Der Begriff SHT umfasst mehrere Krankheitsbilder, die sich in Ursache, Prognose und Therapie unterscheiden. Allen gemein sind jedoch komplexe pathophysiologische Kaskaden, die sich sofort nach dem initialen Trauma entwickeln und über mehrere Tage und Wochen anhalten können. In dieser Phase versucht eine medizinische Behandlung, sei sie chirurgisch oder medikamentös, die Folgen des Primärschadens zu reduzieren. Die Erhaltung eines adäquaten zerebralen Perfusionsdrucks und die Reduktion des Hirndrucks stehen im Vordergrund.

Keywords: Brain injuries, traumatic/physiopathology; Cerebral perfusion pressure; Epilepsy, post-traumatic; Intracranial pressure; Neurological monitoring.

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References

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