Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023 Aug 22:17:1252651.
doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1252651. eCollection 2023.

The effect of robot-assisted gait training for patients with spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Luo Bin  1 , Xiaoping Wang  2 , Hu Jiatong  3 , Fan Donghua  1 , Wang Qiang  1 , Shen Yingchao  1 , Miao Yiming  1 , Ma Yong  4   5
Affiliations

The effect of robot-assisted gait training for patients with spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Luo Bin et al. Front Neurosci. .

Abstract

Background: With the aging of the global population, Spinal injuries are often prone to occur and affect human health. The development of technology has put robots on the stage to assist in the treatment of spinal injuries.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search were carried out in multiple databases, including PubMed, Medline (Ovid), Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, CKNI, Wang fang, VIP database, Sino Med, Clinical Trails until 20th, June, 2023 to collect effect of robot-assisted gait training for patients with spinal cord injury patients. Primary outcome includes any changes of gait distance and gait speed. Secondary outcomes include any changes in functions (Such as TUG, Leg strength, 10 MWT) and any advent events. Data were extracted from two independent individuals and Cochrane Risk of Bias tool version 2.0 was assessed for the included studies. Systematic review and meta-analysis were performed by RevMan 5.3 software.

Results: 11 studies were included in meta-analysis. The result showed that gait distance [WMD = 16.05, 95% CI (-15.73, 47.83), I2 = 69%], gait speed (RAGT vs. regular treatment) [WMD = 0.01, 95% CI (-0.04, 0.05), I2 = 43%], gait speed (RAGT vs. no intervention) [WMD = 0.07, 95% CI (0.01, 0.12), I2 = 0%], leg strength [WMD = 0.59, 95% CI (-1.22, 2.40), I2 = 29%], TUG [WMD = 9.25, 95% CI (2.76, 15.73), I2 = 74%], 10 MWT [WMD = 0.01, 95% CI (-0.15, 0.16), I2 = 0%], and 6 MWT [WMD = 1.79, 95% CI (-21.32, 24.90), I2 = 0%].

Conclusion: Robot-assisted gait training seems to be helpful for patients with spinal cord to improve TUG. It may not affect gait distance, gait speed, leg strength, 10 MWT, and 6 MWT.

Keywords: gait distance; gait speed; gait training; robot-assisted; spinal cord injury.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart of study selection.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(A) Risk of bias graph; (B) Risk of bias summary.
Figure 3
Figure 3
gait distance (A) forest plot, (B) funnel plot, and (C) sensitivity analysis.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Gait speed (A) forest plot, (B) funnel plot, and (C) sensitivity analysis.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Leg strength (A) forest plot, (B) funnel plot, and (C) sensitivity analysis.
Figure 6
Figure 6
TUG (A) forest plot, (B) funnel plot, and (C) sensitivity analysis.
Figure 7
Figure 7
10 MWT (A) forest plot and (B) funnel plot.
Figure 8
Figure 8
6 MWT (A) forest plot and (B) funnel plot.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Aguirre-Güemez A. V., Pérez-Sanpablo A. I., Quinzaños-Fresnedo J., Pérez-Zavala R., Barrera-Ortiz A. (2019). Walking speed is not the best outcome to evaluate the effect of robotic assisted gait training in people with motor incomplete spinal cord injury: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J. Spinal Cord Med. 42, 142–154. doi: 10.1080/10790268.2017.1390644, PMID: - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Alashram A. R., Annino G., Padua E. (2021). Robot-assisted gait training in individuals with spinal cord injury: a systematic review for the clinical effectiveness of Lokomat. J. Clin. Neurosci. 91, 260–269. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2021.07.019, PMID: - DOI - PubMed
    1. Alcobendas-Maestro M., Esclarín-Ruz A., Casado-López R. M., Muñoz-González A., Pérez-Mateos G., González-Valdizán E., et al. . (2012). Lokomat robotic-assisted versus overground training within 3 to 6 months of incomplete spinal cord lesion: randomized controlled trial. Neurorehabil. Neural Repair 26, 1058–1063. doi: 10.1177/1545968312448232, PMID: - DOI - PubMed
    1. Alen S. S., Clarke C. J., AN M. L., Allan D. B., Conway B. A. (2014). Isometric hip and knee torque measurements as an outcome measure in robot assisted gait training. NeuroRehabilitation 34, 287–295. doi: 10.3233/NRE-131042 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Bavelier D., Neville H. J. (2002). Cross-modal plasticity: where and how? Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 3, 443–452. doi: 10.1038/nrn848 - DOI - PubMed

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources