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. 2023 Aug 29;16(17):5899.
doi: 10.3390/ma16175899.

Study on the Migration Behaviors of Magnesium Oxysulfate Nano-Whiskers in Polypropylene Composites with Surface Modification

Jong Sung Won  1 , Jeong Jin Park  2 , Eun Hye Kang  3 , Min Hong Jeon  3 , Miyeon Kwon  4 , Seung Goo Lee  3
Affiliations

Study on the Migration Behaviors of Magnesium Oxysulfate Nano-Whiskers in Polypropylene Composites with Surface Modification

Jong Sung Won et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

In this study, surface modification aimed to enhance the compatibility between a hydrophilic inorganic filler and polypropylene (PP) matrix using hydrophobic treatment. Lauric acid, butyl acrylate, and maleic anhydride were employed to modify the filler surface. After treatment, inorganic filler/PP composites were produced using melt-mixing and extrusion-injection molding processes. The study focused on investigating compatibility and migration behavior between the filler and matrix. The findings indicated that hydrophobic modification, specifically with butyl acrylate and maleic anhydride, improved migration issues in nano-whisker, while maintaining favorable mechanical properties even under accelerated thermal aging. However, excessive hydrophobicity induced by superhydrophobic treatment using lauric acid led to reduced compatibility with the matrix, compromising its effectiveness. Consequently, the study revealed the potential of surface modification to enhance interfacial properties and mitigate migration concerns in PP composites for automotive applications.

Keywords: coating; compounding; filler; surface modification.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Mechanism of surface modification of MOS nano-whisker using butyl acrylate.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Mechanism of surface modification of MOS nano-whisker using butyl acrylate and maleic anhydride.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mechanism of surface modification of MOS nano-whisker using lauric acid.
Figure 4
Figure 4
(a–h) SEM images and (i) EDS graph of the inorganic filler’s surface according to the surface modification conditions.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Contact angle of nano-whisker pellets. (a) Measured with distilled water. (b) Measured with diiodomethane.
Figure 6
Figure 6
FT-IR graphs of nano-whiskers according to surface modification conditions. (a) Whisker; (b) L-5; (c) B-10, -20, -30; (d) BM-1, -2, -4.
Figure 7
Figure 7
XPS survey graph of nano-whisker. Non-modified nano-whiskers were compared with surface-modified ones obtained with surface modification: (a) L-5; (b) B-10, B-20, B-30; (c) BM-1, BM-2, BM-4.
Figure 8
Figure 8
SEM images of the surface of polypropylene specimens after accelerated thermal aging at 140 °C for 72 h. (a) Non-Nano-Whisker; (b) with nano-whisker; (c) L-5; (d) B-20; (e) BM-2. (f) EDS analysis of surface Mg element composition in polypropylene specimens during accelerated aging.
Figure 9
Figure 9
FT-IR graphs of a polypropylene specimen after 72 h of accelerated thermal aging. (a) Whisker; (b) L-5; (c) B-20; (d) BM-2.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Tensile strength and modulus graphs of tensile test of polypropylene specimens before and after accelerated thermal aging. (a) Before thermal aging; (b) after thermal aging.
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