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Review
. 2023 Aug 25;23(17):7435.
doi: 10.3390/s23177435.

Internet of Medical Things and Healthcare 4.0: Trends, Requirements, Challenges, and Research Directions

Manar Osama  1 , Abdelhamied A Ateya  2   1 , Mohammed S Sayed  3   1 , Mohamed Hammad  2   4 , Paweł Pławiak  5   6 , Ahmed A Abd El-Latif  2   7 , Rania A Elsayed  1
Affiliations
Review

Internet of Medical Things and Healthcare 4.0: Trends, Requirements, Challenges, and Research Directions

Manar Osama et al. Sensors (Basel). .

Abstract

Healthcare 4.0 is a recent e-health paradigm associated with the concept of Industry 4.0. It provides approaches to achieving precision medicine that delivers healthcare services based on the patient's characteristics. Moreover, Healthcare 4.0 enables telemedicine, including telesurgery, early predictions, and diagnosis of diseases. This represents an important paradigm for modern societies, especially with the current situation of pandemics. The release of the fifth-generation cellular system (5G), the current advances in wearable device manufacturing, and the recent technologies, e.g., artificial intelligence (AI), edge computing, and the Internet of Things (IoT), are the main drivers of evolutions of Healthcare 4.0 systems. To this end, this work considers introducing recent advances, trends, and requirements of the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) and Healthcare 4.0 systems. The ultimate requirements of such networks in the era of 5G and next-generation networks are discussed. Moreover, the design challenges and current research directions of these networks. The key enabling technologies of such systems, including AI and distributed edge computing, are discussed.

Keywords: 5G; Healthcare 4.0; Internet of Medical Things; artificial intelligence; distributed edge computing; e-health.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Classification of e-health systems.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Key enabling technologies of Healthcare 4.0.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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