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Case Reports
. 2023 Jun 21:45:97.
doi: 10.11604/pamj.2023.45.97.36563. eCollection 2023.

[Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a retrospective study]

[Article in French]
Habib Zidane  1 , Zakia Kebbati  1 , Mohamed Khettab  2
Affiliations
Case Reports

[Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a retrospective study]

[Article in French]
Habib Zidane et al. Pan Afr Med J. .

Abstract
in English, French

Introduction: although rare, gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the digestive tract. The aim of this work is to study the clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary features of GIST.

Methods: we conducted a descriptive retrospective, monocentric study (April 2017-April 2021) collecting data from the medical records of all patients with GIST treated at the medical oncology department of the University Hospital of Mostaganem.

Results: we collected data from the medical records of 23 patients, with a median age of 54.4 years, sex ratio 1.8, over a period of 4 years. Abdominal pain was the most frequent symptom (78.3%, n=18); 47.8% of patients (n=11) had a tumor in the small bowel. The diagnosis was made at an early stage in 69.6% of cases (n=16). Surgical treatment was performed in 20 of the 23 patients, 18 of whom with R0. Of the 15 operated patients with a localized tumor, 13 received adjuvant medical treatment (Imatinib). Disease progression was reported in three patients treated with imatinib, then 2nd line therapy (Sunitinib) was started. During the study period, all patients were alive except two who died due to disease progression.

Conclusion: the diagnosis of GIST is mainly based on histology and immunohistochemistry, which is often not performed by our pathologists. Molecular biology makes it possible to predict the prognosis and consequently adapt the therapies. The outcome of patients with GIST is often favorable but marked by recurrences despite a supposedly curative treatment requiring prolonged monitoring.

Introduction: bien que rares, les tumeurs stromales gastro-intestinales (GIST) constituent les tumeurs mésenchymateuses les plus fréquentes du tube digestif. Le but de ce travail est d´étudier les aspects cliniques, paracliniques, thérapeutiques et évolutifs des GIST.

Méthodes: étude rétrospective descriptive, monocentrique (avril 2017-avril 2021) colligeant tous les patients ayant un GIST traités au niveau du service d´oncologie médicale du CHU de Mostaganem.

Résultats: notre étude a colligé sur une période de 4 ans, 23 patients, avec un âge médian de 54,4 ans, sex ratio de 1,8. La douleur abdominale était le symptôme le plus fréquent (78,3%, n=18), la tumeur se localisait dans 47,8% des cas (n=11) au niveau de l’intestin grêle. Le diagnostic a été fait à un stade précoce dans 69,6 % des cas (n=16). Le traitement chirurgical a été fait chez 20 patients sur les 23 dont 18 avec R0. Des 15 patients opérés ayant un stade localisé; 13 ont reçu un traitement médical en adjuvant (Imatinib). L´évolution sous imatinib a été marquée par 3 progressions où on est passé vers une 2e ligne (Sunitinib). Durant la période de l´étude tous les patients sont vivants sauf deux qui sont décédés après progression de la maladie.

Conclusion: le diagnostic des GIST repose principalement sur l'histologie et l'immunohistochimie qui est souvent non faite par nos pathologistes. La biologie moléculaire permet de prédire le pronostic et en conséquence adapter les thérapeutiques. L´évolution des GIST est souvent favorable mais marquée par les récidives malgré un traitement supposé curatif imposant une surveillance prolongée.

Keywords: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors; diagnosis; progression; treatment.

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Conflict of interest statement

Les auteurs ne déclarent aucun conflit d´intérêts.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
siège de la tumeur
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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