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. 2023 Aug 15;13(8):3650-3658.
eCollection 2023.

Conceptual model for progression of oral cancer - our perspective

Mahesh Kagarae Puttaraju  1 , Priyanka Nitin  2
Affiliations

Conceptual model for progression of oral cancer - our perspective

Mahesh Kagarae Puttaraju et al. Am J Cancer Res. .

Abstract

Oral cancer was and still is an underestimated disease in terms of incidence and mortality rates. As a result, requires early detection and urgent prevention. This article describes a framework that covers the significant stages of conceptual development of oral cancer. Conceptual model is useful in understanding the pathogenesis and understand the disease processes. This article signifies information on various aspects of perspective risk and the role played by it. Article covers the following aspects: what are the perspective risks, what changes it causes to normal cell, what are the direct and indirect effects on normal cell, cellular changes seen with normal cell when affected with perspective risk, transformation of normal cell to oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and changes seen during transformation into cancer. Understanding the conceptual model of oral cancer transformation will be a paradigm shift in future research in the field and early management of oral cancer, which will reduce the disease burden on the nation.

Keywords: OPMD; Oral cancer; carcinogenesis; conceptual model; dysplasia; immune system; malignancy; perspective risk.

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Conflict of interest statement

None.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
All the 4 factor, A, B, C, & D have equal role in contributing to the perspective risk.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Flow chart depicting the path of transformation of normal cell to OPMD to Oral cancer and the role of perspective risks.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Immunological activations in carcinogenesis.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Role of immunoediting in carcinogenesis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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