Consecutive engineering of anodic graphene supported cobalt monoxide composite and cathodic nanosized lithium cobalt oxide materials with improved lithium-ion storage performances

Abstract

Downsizing the electrochemically active materials in both cathodic and anodic electrodes commonly brings about enhanced lithium-ion storage performances. It is particularly meaningful to explore simplified and effective strategies for exploiting nanosized electrode materials in the advanced lithium-ion batteries. In this work, the spontaneous reaction between few-layered graphene oxide (GO) and metallic cobalt (Co) foils in mild hydrothermal condition is for the first time employed to synthesize a reduced graphene oxide (RGO) supported nanosized cobalt monoxide (CoO) anode material (CoO@RGO). Furthermore, the CoO@RGO sample is converted to nanosized lithium cobalt oxide cathode material (LiCoO₂, LCO) by taking the advantages of the self-templated effect. As a result, both the CoO@RGO anode and the LCO cathode exhibit inspiring lithium-ion storage properties. In half-cells, the CoO@RGO sample maintains a reversible capacity of 740.6 mAh·g^-1 after 300 cycles at the current density of 1000 mA·g^-1 while the LCO sample delivers a reversible capacity of 109.1 mAh·g^-1 after 100 cycles at the current density of 100 mA·g^-1. In the CoO@RGO//LCO full-cells, the CoO@RGO sample delivers a reversible capacity of 553.9 mAh·g^-1 after 50 cycles at the current density of 200 mA·g^-1. The reasons for superior electrochemical behaviors of the samples have been revealed, and the strategy in this work can be considered to be straightforward and effective for engineering both anode and cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries.

Keywords: Cobalt monoxide; Graphene oxide; Lithium cobalt oxide; Lithium-ion batteries; Metal cobalt.