Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2023 Oct;30(47):104181-104193.
doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-29746-5. Epub 2023 Sep 12.

Perfluoroalkyl substances in food contact materials: preliminary investigation in Vietnam and global comparison

Anh Quoc Hoang  1 , Thi Lieu Tran  1   2 , Le Huu Tuyen  1 , Thi Anh Huong Nguyen  1 , Dang Minh Pham  1 , Thi Chuc Nguyen  3 , Trong Nghia Nguyen  3 , Dinh Quang Phan  2 , Manh Khai Nguyen  1 , Van Quy Tran  1 , Chau Thuy Pham  4 , Quang Do Bui  1 , Thi Quynh Hoa Nguyen  5
Affiliations
Review

Perfluoroalkyl substances in food contact materials: preliminary investigation in Vietnam and global comparison

Anh Quoc Hoang et al. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Oct.

Abstract

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a group of concerned persistent toxic substances, especially for their application or unintentional formation in food contact materials (FCMs). However, information about the occurrence, sources, and fate of these pollutants in food packaging materials from Vietnam as well as Southeast Asian countries is probably still obscured. In this study, levels of 13 perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and 4 sulfonates (PFSs) were determined in various types of food packaging samples collected from Vietnamese markets. Generally low concentrations of total 17 PFASs (median 0.341; max 624 ng/g) suggested that these compounds were mainly inadvertently produced rather than intentionally added to the packaging materials. A few mochi paper tray samples had relatively high PFAS levels (372-624 ng/g), which were dominated by long-chain (C8-C12) PFCAs. A comprehensive and updated overview of PFASs in FCMs from different countries in the world was also provided. Current database could not provide conclusive trends of PFAS concentrations and profiles in FCMs between continents and countries. The highest levels up to ppm were reported for PFCAs (e.g., PFBA, PFHxA, PFOA, and PFDA) and several fluorotelomer alcohols and carboxylic acids, while PFSs were almost absent in FCMs. FPASs can emit from FCMs, migrate to food, and then contribute to dietary exposure in humans and animals. Additional investigations on the occurrence, sources, behavior and fate, and impacts of PFASs in FCMs are critically needed, especially in emerging and developing countries.

Keywords: Developing countries; Food packaging materials; Perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids; Perfluoroalkyl substances; Perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acid.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Barhoumi B, Sander SG, Tolosa I (2022) A review on per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) in microplastic and food-contact materials. Environ Res 206:112595
    1. Begley TH, Hsu W, Noonan G, Diachenko G (2008) Migration of fluorochemical paper additives from food contact paper into foods and food simulants. Food Addit Contam Part A 25:384–390
    1. Begley TH, White K, Honigfort P, Twaroski ML, Neches R, Walker RA (2005) Perfluorochemicals: potential sources of and migration from food packaging. Food Addit Contam 22:1023–1031
    1. Brenes ALM, Curtzwiler G, Dixon P, Harrata K, Talbert J, Vorst K (2019) PFOA and PFOS levels in microwave paper packaging between 2005 and 2018. Food Addit Contam Part B 12:191–198
    1. Buck RC, Franklin J, Berger U, Conder JM, Cousins IT, de Voogt P, Jensen AA, Kannan K, Mabury SA, van Leeuwen SP (2011) Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the environment: terminology, classification, and origins. Integr Environ Assess Manag 7:513–541

LinkOut - more resources