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Review
. 2023 Sep 6:15:519-535.
doi: 10.2147/HIV.S396949. eCollection 2023.

Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Kidney Failure in People with HIV-Infection in Africa: Current Status and a Call to Action

Nicola Wearne  1 , Bianca Davidson  1 , Marc Blockman  2 , Jackie Jones  3 , Ian L Ross  4 , Joel A Dave  4
Affiliations
Review

Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Kidney Failure in People with HIV-Infection in Africa: Current Status and a Call to Action

Nicola Wearne et al. HIV AIDS (Auckl). .

Abstract

There is an increasing global burden of diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), coupled with a high burden of people with HIV (PWH). Due to an increased lifespan on ART, PWH are now at risk of developing non-communicable diseases, including DM. Africa has the greatest burden of HIV infection and will experience the greatest increase in prevalence of DM over the next two decades. In addition, there is a rising number of people with CKD and progression to kidney failure. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the early identification and management of all 3 diseases to prevent disease progression and complications. This is particularly important in Africa for people with CKD where there is restricted or no access to dialysis and/or transplantation. This review focuses on the epidemiology and pathophysiology of the interaction between HIV infection and DM and the impact that these diseases have on the development and progression of CKD. Finally, it also aims to review the data on the management, which stems from the growing burden of all three diseases.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; antiretroviral therapy; chronic kidney disease; renal replacement therapy.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest related to this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
HIV-related and traditional risk factors influencing the development and progression of CKD in PWH.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Choice restricted conservative kidney management.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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