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. 2023 Sep 6:18:5055-5072.
doi: 10.2147/IJN.S423985. eCollection 2023.

Enhanced Osteogenic Activity and Bone Repair Ability of PLGA/MBG Scaffolds Doped with ZIF-8 Nanoparticles Loaded with BMP-2

Rui Ma #  1 , Yanwen Su #  2   3 , Ruomu Cao  1 , Kunzheng Wang  1 , Pei Yang  1
Affiliations

Enhanced Osteogenic Activity and Bone Repair Ability of PLGA/MBG Scaffolds Doped with ZIF-8 Nanoparticles Loaded with BMP-2

Rui Ma et al. Int J Nanomedicine. .

Abstract

Background: Tissue engineering scaffolds are porous and can be loaded with growth factors to promote osteogenesis and bone repair, which can solve the problem of clinical bone defects. The direct loading of growth factors on scaffolds is hindered by the disadvantages of low loading capacities, and uncontrollable burst release. Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) has osteoinductive activity and drug-loading potential and can be loaded with growth factors to achieve sustained release. In this study, we aimed to establish a sustained release system of composite scaffolds loaded with growth factors to achieve the goal of slow controlled release and effective bone repair.

Methods: ZIF‑8 nanoparticles loaded with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) were incorporated into poly-(lactide-co-glycolide)/mesoporous bioactive glass (PLGA/MBG) porous scaffolds by a 3D-printing method. The surface morphology, chemical properties and BMP-2 release of the prepared scaffold were investigated. The osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, spreading, and osteogenic differentiation in vitro and the bone repair ability in vivo of the PLGA/MBG/ZIF-8/BMP-2 (PMZB) scaffold were evaluated, and compared with those of PLGA/MBG (PM) and PLGA/MBG/ZIF-8 (PMZ) scaffolds.

Results: The results showed that the PMZB scaffold exhibited a slow and continuous BMP-2 release pattern, enhanced osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, spreading and osteogenic differentiation in vitro, and promoted new bone formation and bone repair in vivo.

Conclusion: The PLGA/MBG/ZIF-8/BMP-2 porous scaffold could continuously and slowly release BMP-2, enhance osteogenic activity, and promote new bone formation and bone repair at bone defects. The PMZB scaffold can be used as a bone graft material to repair bone defect at non-weight-bearing sites.

Keywords: bone repair; controlled release; mesoporous bioactive glass; scaffold; zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-8.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic diagram of the preparation and biological evaluation of the scaffold.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Characterization of BMP-2@ZIF-8 nanoparticles.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Material characterization of the MBG powders and PLGA/MBG/ZIF-8/BMP-2 scaffold.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Cell adhesion and proliferation assessed by the CCK-8 assay, and cell spreading observed by CLSM.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Cell spreading and morphology observed by SEM after 24 hours.
Figure 6
Figure 6
ALP staining (A) and ALP activity measured by a quantitative colorimetric assay (B and C) after incubation for 7, 10 and 14 days.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Alizarin red (AR) staining and quantitative analysis of MC3T3-E1 cells on the material surfaces at 21 and 28 days.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Real-time quantitative PCR results of the osteogenic differentiation genes of MC3T3-E1 cells on the material surfaces at 7, 14 and 21 days.
Figure 9
Figure 9
X-ray images taken at 4 and 12 weeks after material implantation at the bone defects.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Micro–CT images and quantitative analysis results at 12 weeks after material implantation.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Masson’s trichome staining results at 12 weeks after material implantation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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