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Review
. 2023 Aug 30:11:1254861.
doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1254861. eCollection 2023.

An updated overview of some factors that influence the biological effects of nanoparticles

Yang Xuan #  1 , Wenliang Zhang #  1 , Xinjiang Zhu #  2 , Shubiao Zhang  1
Affiliations
Review

An updated overview of some factors that influence the biological effects of nanoparticles

Yang Xuan et al. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. .

Abstract

Nanoparticles (NPs) can be extremely effective in the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer due to their properties. The nanotechnology industry is developing rapidly. The number of multifunctional NPs has increased in the market and hundreds of NPs are in various stages of preclinical and clinical development. Thus, the mechanism underlying the effects of NPs on biological systems has received much attention. After NPs enter the body, they interact with plasma proteins, tumour cell receptors, and small biological molecules. This interaction is closely related to the size, shape, chemical composition and surface modification properties of NPs. In this review, the effects of the size, shape, chemical composition and surface modification of NPs on the biological effects of NPs were summarised, including the mechanism through which NPs enter cells, the resulting oxidative stress response, and the interaction with proteins. This review of the biological effects of NPs can not only provide theoretical support for the preparation of safer and more efficient NPs but also lay the foundation for their clinical application.

Keywords: biological effects; interaction; nanoparticles; oxidative stress; protein corona.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

None
Effects on cells of NPs with different properties.
FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
AuNPs size-dependent Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways in epithelial cells transport pathways (Zhang et al., 2021). Copyright 2021 American Chemical Society.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Two nano constructs AS1411-AuNS and AS1411-50 NPs have different targeting specificities for NCL (Choo et al., 2021). Copyright 2021 American Chemical Society.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
The core material induces cytotoxicity by regulating the levels of CRA (Bai et al., 2020). Copyright 2020 American Chemical Society.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
The protein coronas on AuNRs modified with various surface ligands of different chemical compositions and charges (Cai et al., 2020). Copyright 2020 American Chemical Society.
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
NPs with a preformed hard corona made of HER2 affibody, which helps maintain the targeting while reducing the PC formation and avoiding macrophage uptake compared with conventional NPs (Oh et al., 2018). Copyright 2020 Springer nature.
FIGURE 6
FIGURE 6
Proteins associated with the STAT pathway (Guo et al., 2021). Copyright 2020 American Chemical Society.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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