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Review
. 2023 Sep 15:21:115.
doi: 10.18332/tid/169722. eCollection 2023.

Passive smoking and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Haijie Zhang  1   2   3 , Xin Zhou  4 , Lixia Tian  1   5 , Jianjun Huang  1   3   5 , Meng E  4 , Jinzhu Yin  1   3   6
Affiliations
Review

Passive smoking and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Haijie Zhang et al. Tob Induc Dis. .

Abstract

Introduction: Pregestational smoking increases the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and is a common health problem during pregnancy, with its incidence on the rise worldwide, especially in China. This study is a meta-analysis of passive smoking as a risk factor associated with GDM.

Methods: Two independent reviewers searched passive smoking and the risk of GDM in PubMed, Medline, Web of Knowledge, Science Direct, China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI) and Wanfang databases (up to May 2023). The authors extracted the study data independently and used the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) to evaluate the quality of the included articles. A meta-analysis was conducted using a random effects model depending on the size of the heterogeneity. Begg's and Egger's tests were performed to assess publication bias.

Results: The overall relative risk for GDM caused by passive smoking was 1.47 (95% CI: 1.31-1.64), with moderate heterogeneity between studies (I2=41.7%, p=0.079). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were stable, and no evidence of publication bias was found.

Conclusions: Passive smoking is a risk factor for GDM, even in those who are not active smokers. To eliminate the effects of other confounding factors, larger prospective cohort studies are required to clarify the relationship between passive smoking and the occurrence of GDM.

Keywords: GDM; gestational diabetes mellitus; metaanalysis; passive smoking.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. The authors declare that they have no competing interests, financial or otherwise, related to the current work. H. Zhang, L. Tian, J. Huang, and J. Yin report that since the initial planning of the work, this study was supported by the Shanxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Nervous System Disease Prevention and Treatment (2020SY20) of the Sinopharm Tongmei General Hospital.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Main characteristics of in cluded studies on the passive smoking and risk of GDM
Figure 2
Figure 2
Forest plot of the relationship between passive smoking and GDM
Figure 3
Figure 3
Sensitivity analysis of the relationship between passive smoking and GDM
Figure 4
Figure 4
Funnel plot of the relationship between passive smoking and GDM
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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