Investigating influential factors and mechanisms of surgical resident well-being using social network analysis

Ari S Coopersmith¹, Michael H Berler¹, Brianna Johnston¹, Lillian Knutilla¹, Anya L Edwards¹, Carter C Lebares²; General Surgery Research Collaborative on Resident Wellbeing¹

Collaborators, Affiliations

Collaborators

General Surgery Research Collaborative on Resident Wellbeing:
Celia Divino³, Jennifer N Choi⁴, Jennifer E Hrabe⁵, Julia S Shelton⁵, Christopher M Foglia⁶, Varuna Sundaram⁶, Brooke Gurland⁷, David A Spain⁷, Matthew Hanlon⁸, Andreas H Meier⁸, Kelly R Haisley⁹, Alan Harzman⁹, Emily Huang⁹, Jennifer Preston¹⁰, Valentine Nfonsam¹¹, Taylor S Riall¹¹, Barnard J A Palmer¹², Gregory P Victorino¹², Tim R Donahue¹³, Veronica F Sullins¹³, Kenzo Hirose¹⁴, Linda M Reilly¹⁴, Kshama R Jaiswal¹⁵, Mark R Nehler¹⁵, Melissa Brunsvold¹⁶, Daniel E Kendrick¹⁶, M Timothy Nelson¹⁷, Robert B Lim¹⁷, Karen D Horvath¹⁸, Lorrie A Langdale¹⁸, Rebecca Maine¹⁸

Affiliations

¹ UCSF Center of Mindfulness in Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
² UCSF Center of Mindfulness in Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address: Carter.Lebares@ucsf.edu.
³ Department of Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
⁴ Department of Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
⁵ Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
⁶ Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian-Queens, Flushing, NY, USA.
⁷ Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
⁸ Department of Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
⁹ Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
¹⁰ Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
¹¹ Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
¹² Department of Surgery, UCSF-East Bay, Oakland, CA, USA.
¹³ Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
¹⁵ Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA.
¹⁶ Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
¹⁷ Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma at Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA.
¹⁸ Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

PMID: 37722938
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2023.09.004

Investigating influential factors and mechanisms of surgical resident well-being using social network analysis

Ari S Coopersmith et al. Am J Surg. 2024 Feb.

. 2024 Feb:228:45-51.

doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2023.09.004. Epub 2023 Sep 6.

Authors

Ari S Coopersmith¹, Michael H Berler¹, Brianna Johnston¹, Lillian Knutilla¹, Anya L Edwards¹, Carter C Lebares²; General Surgery Research Collaborative on Resident Wellbeing¹

Collaborators

General Surgery Research Collaborative on Resident Wellbeing:
Celia Divino³, Jennifer N Choi⁴, Jennifer E Hrabe⁵, Julia S Shelton⁵, Christopher M Foglia⁶, Varuna Sundaram⁶, Brooke Gurland⁷, David A Spain⁷, Matthew Hanlon⁸, Andreas H Meier⁸, Kelly R Haisley⁹, Alan Harzman⁹, Emily Huang⁹, Jennifer Preston¹⁰, Valentine Nfonsam¹¹, Taylor S Riall¹¹, Barnard J A Palmer¹², Gregory P Victorino¹², Tim R Donahue¹³, Veronica F Sullins¹³, Kenzo Hirose¹⁴, Linda M Reilly¹⁴, Kshama R Jaiswal¹⁵, Mark R Nehler¹⁵, Melissa Brunsvold¹⁶, Daniel E Kendrick¹⁶, M Timothy Nelson¹⁷, Robert B Lim¹⁷, Karen D Horvath¹⁸, Lorrie A Langdale¹⁸, Rebecca Maine¹⁸

Affiliations

¹ UCSF Center of Mindfulness in Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
² UCSF Center of Mindfulness in Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address: Carter.Lebares@ucsf.edu.
³ Department of Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
⁴ Department of Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
⁵ Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
⁶ Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian-Queens, Flushing, NY, USA.
⁷ Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
⁸ Department of Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
⁹ Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
¹⁰ Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
¹¹ Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
¹² Department of Surgery, UCSF-East Bay, Oakland, CA, USA.
¹³ Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
¹⁵ Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA.
¹⁶ Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
¹⁷ Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma at Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA.
¹⁸ Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

PMID: 37722938
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2023.09.004

Abstract

Background: Burnout and depression in General Surgery residents affect patient care and drive attrition. Few impactful interventions exist, in part because little is known about influential drivers and mechanistic relationships.

Methods: Residents from 16 general surgery programs completed published well-being scales in January 2021. Social network analysis demonstrated influential relationships between factors, and path analysis revealed drivers of burnout and depression.

Results: 300 residents completed the survey (34% response rate). Workplace demand and mindfulness influenced depressive symptoms and emotional exhaustion, mediated by perceived stress. Mindfulness increased personal accomplishment, mediated by psychological well-being (p < 0.05 for all results). All mediated effects were greater than direct effects.

Conclusions: This study yielded a quantitative conceptual model of mechanistic relationships affecting well-being in surgical residency, identifying stress and psychological well-being (measuring sense of purpose) as central mediators, and triangulating workplace demand and mindfulness as potentially high-yield interventional targets for reducing burnout and depression in surgical residency.

Keywords: Burnout; Depression; Mindfulness; Residency; Training; Well-being.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors have no financial relationships, personal relationships, or potential conflicts of interest to disclose. AI was not used to write any part of this manuscript.

Comment in

Well-being and burnout in surgical residency training: Understanding drivers is essential for targeting interventions.
Layne D, Jung S. Layne D, et al. Am J Surg. 2024 Feb;228:43-44. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2023.11.025. Epub 2023 Dec 7. Am J Surg. 2024. PMID: 38114395 No abstract available.

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Investigating influential factors and mechanisms of surgical resident well-being using social network analysis

Collaborators

Affiliations

Investigating influential factors and mechanisms of surgical resident well-being using social network analysis

Authors

Collaborators

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Comment in

References

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources