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. 2024 Jan-Feb;99(1):3-18.
doi: 10.1016/j.abd.2023.06.001. Epub 2023 Sep 16.

Variations of oral anatomy and common oral lesions

Paulo Ricardo Martins Souza  1 , Letícia Dupont  2 , Gabriela Mosena  3 , Manuela Lima Dantas  2 , Lucas Abascal Bulcão  4
Affiliations

Variations of oral anatomy and common oral lesions

Paulo Ricardo Martins Souza et al. An Bras Dermatol. 2024 Jan-Feb.

Abstract

Several topics related to the oral cavity are briefly addressed in this article, from anatomical variations that, when recognized, avoid unnecessary investigations, to diseases that affect exclusively the mouth, mucocutaneous diseases, as well as oral manifestations of systemic diseases. A complete clinical examination comprises the examination of the mouth, and this approach facilitates clinical practice, shortening the path to diagnosis in the outpatient clinic as well as with in-hospital patients. The objective of this article is to encourage the examination of the oral cavity as a useful tool in medical practice, helping to recognize diseases in this location.

Keywords: Mouth; Mouth diseases; Mouth mucosa; Pathology, oral.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(A) Fordyce granules. (B) Leukoedema. (C) Fissured tongue. (D) Geographic tongue
Figure 2
Figure 2
(A) Hairy black tongue. (B) Linea alba. (C) Oral melanotic macule. (D) Physiological hyperpigmentation
Figure 3
Figure 3
(A) Palatine torus. (B) Lingual varicose veins
Figure 4
Figure 4
(A) Fissured epulis. (B) Traumatic fibroma. (C) Pyogenic granuloma. (D) Morsicatio buccarum
Figure 5
Figure 5
(A and B) Mucocele. (C) Hemorrhagic mucocele. (D) Exfoliative cheilitis
Figure 6
Figure 6
(A) Candidiasis. (B) Labial herpes simplex associated with target lesions on hands. (C) Herpes zoster with unilateral erosions (kindly provided by Prof. Hiram Larangeira de Almeida Jr.)
Figure 7
Figure 7
(A) Labial moriform lesion (kindly provided by Prof. Sílvio Alencar Marques). (B) Moriform stomatitis (kindly provided by Prof. Sílvio Alencar Marques). (C) Syphilis
Figure 8
Figure 8
Hemorrhagic bullous angina
Figure 9
Figure 9
(A) Lichen planus (oral mucosa). (B) Lichen planus (tongue)
Figure 10
Figure 10
(A) Transient lingual papillitis. (B) Gingival hyperplasia
Figure 11
Figure 11
(A) Lip erosions in mucous pemphigus vulgaris (kindly provided by Prof. Hiram Larangeira de Almeida Jr.). (B) Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
Figure 12
Figure 12
(A) Verrucous carcinoma. (B) Leukoplakia
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