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. 2023 Sep 19;23(1):316.
doi: 10.1186/s12876-023-02935-9.

Patient-reported outcome measures in functional dyspepsia: a systematic review and COSMIN analysis

Xinai Wang #  1 , Yan Fei #  2 , Wenjing Li  1 , Hao Liu  1 , Hongling Xiao  3 , Yaxuan Wu  1 , Chenqi Wang  1
Affiliations

Patient-reported outcome measures in functional dyspepsia: a systematic review and COSMIN analysis

Xinai Wang et al. BMC Gastroenterol. .

Abstract

Background: Functional dyspepsia (FD) as a type of disorders of brain-gut interaction (DBGI), patient self-reporting of its symptoms becomes an important component of clinical outcome assessment. We performed a systematic review using Consensus Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) guidelines to identify the best available patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) of FD.

Methods: The study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). We searched four databases with no date limit, looking for previously confirmed PROMs for evaluating FD symptoms. An overall rating was then assigned based upon COSMIN guidelines, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to assess the level of evidence for psychometric properties of included PROMs.

Results: Thirty articles covering outcome indicators of 24 patient reports were included. The Leuven Postprandial Distress Scale (LPDS) showed adequate content validity and moderate quality evidence of adequate internal consistency to generate an A recommendation.

Conclusion: LPDS is currently the most recommended PROM for patient self-reported FD symptoms. However, it fails to assess two important areas of cross-cultural validity/ measurement invariance and measurement error. Future research can be continuously improved on this basis.

Keywords: Dyspepsia; Functional dyspepsia; Measurement properties; Patient-reported outcome measure.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

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Fig. 1
Flow diagram of the search and selection process
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