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. 2021 Jun 30;2(2):86-95.
doi: 10.47487/apcyccv.v2i2.132. eCollection 2021 Apr-Jun.

[Treatment of acute myocardial infarction in Peru and its relationship with in-hospital adverse events: results from the second peruvian registry of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (PERSTEMI-II)]

[Article in Spanish]
Manuel Chacón-Diaz  1 , René Rodríguez Olivares  1 , David Miranda Noé  1 , Piero Custodio-Sánchez  2 , Alexander Montesinos Cárdenas  3 , Germán Yábar Galindo  4 , Aida Rotta Rotta  5 , Roger Isla Bazán  6 , Paol Rojas de la Cuba  4 , Nassip Llerena Navarro  7 , Marcos López Rojas  6 , Mauricio García Cárdenas  8 , Akram Hernández Vásquez  9
Affiliations

[Treatment of acute myocardial infarction in Peru and its relationship with in-hospital adverse events: results from the second peruvian registry of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (PERSTEMI-II)]

[Article in Spanish]
Manuel Chacón-Diaz et al. Arch Peru Cardiol Cir Cardiovasc. .

Abstract
in English, Spanish

Background: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and myocardial reperfusion, when adequate, reduces the complications of this entity. The aim of the study was to describe the clinical and treatment characteristics of STEMI in Peru and the relationship of successful reperfusion with in-hospital adverse events.

Materials and methods: Prospective, multicenter cohort of STEMI patients attended during 2020 in public hospitals in Peru. We evaluated the clinical, therapeutic characteristics and in-hospital adverse events, also the relationship between successful reperfusion and adverse events.

Results: A total of 374 patients were included, 69.5% in Lima and Callao. Fibrinolysis was used in 37% of cases (pharmacoinvasive 26% and fibrinolysis alone 11%), primary angioplasty with < 12 hours of evolution in 20%, late angioplasty in 9% and 34% did not access adequate reperfusion therapies, mainly due to late presentation. Ischemia time was longer in patients with primary angioplasty compared to fibrinolysis (median 7.7 hours (RIQ 5-10) and 4 hours (RIQ 2.3-5.5) respectively). Mortality was 8.5%, the incidence of post-infarction heart failure was 27.8% and of cardiogenic shock 11.5%. Successful reperfusion was associated with lower cardiovascular mortality (RR:0.28; 95%CI: 0.12-0.66, p=0.003) and lower incidence of heart failure during hospitalization (RR: 0.61; 95%CI: 0.43-0.85, p=0.004).

Conclusions: Fibrinolysis continues to be the most frequent reperfusion therapy in public hospitals in Peru. Shorter ischemia-to-reperfusion time was associated with reperfusion success, and in turn with fewer in-hospital adverse events.

Antecedentes.: El infarto de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST (IMCEST), es una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad a nivel global, la reperfusión adecuada del miocardio consigue disminuir las complicaciones de esta entidad. El objetivo del estudio fue describir las características clínicas y terapéuticas del IMCEST en el Perú y la relación de la reperfusión exitosa con los eventos adversos intrahospitalarios.

Materiales y métodos.: Cohorte prospectiva, multicéntrica de pacientes con IMCEST atendidos durante el año 2020 en hospitales públicos del Perú. Se evaluaron las características clínicas, terapéuticas y eventos adversos intrahospitalarios, además de la relación entre la reperfusión exitosa del infarto y los eventos adversos.

Resultados.: Se incluyeron 374 pacientes, 69,5% en Lima y Callao. La fibrinólisis fue usada en 37% de casos (farmacoinvasiva 26% y sola 11%), angioplastia primaria con < 12 h de evolución en 20%, angioplastia tardía en 9% y 34% no accedieron a terapias de reperfusión adecuadas, principalmente por presentación tardía. El tiempo de isquemia fue mayor en pacientes con angioplastia primaria en comparación a fibrinólisis (mediana 7,7 h [RIQ 5-10] y 4 h [RIQ 2,3-5,5] respectivamente). La mortalidad fue de 8,5%, la incidencia de insuficiencia cardiaca posinfarto fue de 27,8% y de choque cardiogénico de 11,5%. El éxito de la reperfusión se asoció con menor mortalidad cardiovascular (RR: 0,28; IC95%: 0,12-0,66, p=0,003) y menor incidencia de insuficiencia cardiaca (RR: 0,61; IC95%: 0,43-0,85, p=0,004).

Conclusiones.: La fibrinólisis sigue siendo la terapia de reperfusión más frecuente en hospitales públicos del Perú. El menor tiempo de isquemia a reperfusión se asoció con el éxito de esta y, a su vez, a menores eventos adversos intrahospitalarios.

Keywords: Angioplasty; Fibrinolysis; Mortality; Myocardial Infarction; Peru.

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Figures

Figura 1
Figura 1. Número de casos de IMCEST reportados por mes durante el año 2020
Figura central
Figura central. Reperfusión, demoras en la atención y eventos intrahospitalarios en IMCEST - Registro PERSTEMI II. Perú 2020.
Figura 2
Figura 2. Motivos de no aplicación de terapias de reperfusión en IMCEST (valores expresados en porcentajes)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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