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. 2023 Sep 22;18(1):717.
doi: 10.1186/s13018-023-04210-9.

Patient-related risk factors of prosthetic joint infections following total hip and knee arthroplasty at King Abdulaziz Medical City, a 10-year retrospective study

Wazzan S Aljuhani  1   2   3 , Abdullah M Alanazi  2   3 , Abdullah I Saeed  1 , Khalid H Alhadlaq  2   3 , Yazeed S Alhoshan  2   3 , Ziad A Aljaafri  4   5
Affiliations

Patient-related risk factors of prosthetic joint infections following total hip and knee arthroplasty at King Abdulaziz Medical City, a 10-year retrospective study

Wazzan S Aljuhani et al. J Orthop Surg Res. .

Abstract

Background: Total joint arthroplasty (TJA) can be associated with the development of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). It is necessary to determine the modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors of PJI to provide optimum healthcare to TJA candidates.

Methods: This single-center retrospective review investigated 1198 patients who underwent TJA from 2012 to 2022. The data analysis comprised two stages. The first stage was a descriptive analysis, while the second stage was a bivariate analysis. The sociodemographic data, medical history, operative details, and presence of PJI postoperatively were evaluated.

Results: The study sample consisted of 1198 patients who underwent TJA. The mean patient age was 63 years. Among the patients, only 1.3% had PJI. No comorbidity was significantly related to PJI. General anesthesia was used in almost 21% of the patients and was significantly associated with a higher risk of infection (p = 0.049). An increased operative time was also significantly related to PJI (p = 0.012). Conversely, tranexamic acid (TXA) administration was a protective factor against PJI (p = 0.017).

Conclusion: Although PJI is not a common complication of TJA, multiple risk factors such as general anesthesia and prolonged operative time play a significant role in its development. In contrast, TXA administration is thought to reduce the risk of PJI effectively.

Keywords: Complications; PJI; Total hip arthroplasty; Total joint arthroplasty; Total knee arthroplasty.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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