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. 2023 Oct;52(10):857-866.
doi: 10.1007/s00132-023-04434-x. Epub 2023 Sep 22.

[Achilles tendon pathologies]

[Article in German]
Affiliations

[Achilles tendon pathologies]

[Article in German]
F Leiß et al. Orthopadie (Heidelb). 2023 Oct.

Abstract

Achilles tendon pathologies are a frequent problem in the clinical practice. A distinction must be made between insertional and noninsertional tendinopathies. In addition to intrinsic risk factors, such as diabetes mellitus, there are also extrinsic risk factors, such as overuse and running. Sonography, X‑ray imaging and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are established imaging methods, depending on the question. The primary treatment includes a conservative approach. First-line treatment includes administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), physical rest and the use of assistive devices. Established conservative treatment procedures include eccentric stretching, shockwave therapy and infiltration with, e.g., platelet-rich plasma. There are numerous other conservative treatment options. After exhausting the conservative treatment options, a surgical approach can be considered. The surgical procedure depends on the clinical symptoms and findings. Established procedures are minimally invasive or endoscopic procedures or even open debridement.

Achillessehnenpathologien stellen in der klinischen Praxis ein häufiges Problem dar. Dabei ist zwischen Insertions- und Nicht-Insertionstendinopathien zu unterscheiden. Neben intrinsischen Risikofaktoren wie Diabetes mellitus bestehen auch extrinsische Risikofaktoren wie Überbeanspruchung/Laufsport. Als bildgebende Verfahren sind die Sonographie, Röntgenbildgebung und die Magnetresonanztomographie je nach Fragestellung etabliert. Die primäre Therapie umfasst ein konservatives Vorgehen. Die Erstlinientherapie besteht aus einer NSAR(nichtsteroidale Antirheumatika)-Gabe, körperlichen Schonung und einer Hilfsmittelversorgung. Gängige konservative Therapieverfahren sind das exzentrische Dehnen, die Stoßwellentherapie, aber auch Infiltrationen mit z. B. Platelet-rich-Plasma. Weitere zahlreiche konservative Therapieoptionen bestehen. Nach Ausschöpfen der konservativen Therapieoptionen kann ein operatives Vorgehen erwogen werden. Das operative Vorgehen richtet sich nach der vorliegenden Klinik und dem Befund. Etablierte Verfahren sind dabei minimal-invasive oder endoskopische Verfahren oder auch ein offenes Débridement.

Keywords: Achilles tendinopathy; Haglund exostosis; Insertional tendinopathy; Mid-portion; Noninsertional tendinopathy.

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References

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