Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Multicenter Study
. 2023 Dec;48(12):3757-3765.
doi: 10.1007/s00261-023-03989-9. Epub 2023 Sep 22.

Artificial intelligence as diagnostic aiding tool in cases of Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System category 3: the results of retrospective multi-center cohort study

Kexin Wang #  1 , Zhangli Xing #  2 , Zixuan Kong  3 , Yang Yu  2 , Yuntian Chen  4 , Xiangpeng Zhao  3 , Bin Song  4 , Xiangpeng Wang  5 , Pengsheng Wu  5 , Xiaoying Wang  6 , Yunjing Xue  7
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Artificial intelligence as diagnostic aiding tool in cases of Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System category 3: the results of retrospective multi-center cohort study

Kexin Wang et al. Abdom Radiol (NY). 2023 Dec.

Abstract

Purpose: To study the effect of artificial intelligence (AI) on the diagnostic performance of radiologists in interpreting prostate mpMRI images of the PI-RADS 3 category.

Methods: In this multicenter study, 16 radiologists were invited to interpret prostate mpMRI cases with and without AI. The study included a total of 87 cases initially diagnosed as PI-RADS 3 by radiologists without AI, with 28 cases being clinically significant cancers (csPCa) and 59 cases being non-csPCa. The study compared the diagnostic efficacy between readings without and with AI, the reading time, and confidence levels.

Results: AI changed the diagnosis in 65 out of 87 cases. Among the 59 non-csPCa cases, 41 were correctly downgraded to PI-RADS 1-2, and 9 were incorrectly upgraded to PI-RADS 4-5. For the 28 csPCa cases, 20 were correctly upgraded to PI-RADS 4-5, and 5 were incorrectly downgraded to PI-RADS 1-2. Radiologists assisted by AI achieved higher diagnostic specificity and accuracy than those without AI [0.695 vs 0.000 and 0.736 vs 0.322, both P < 0.001]. Sensitivity with AI was not significantly different from that without AI [0.821 vs 1.000, P = 1.000]. AI reduced reading time significantly compared to without AI (mean: 351 seconds, P < 0.001). The diagnostic confidence score with AI was significantly higher than that without AI (Cohen Kappa: -0.016).

Conclusion: With the help of AI, there was an improvement in the diagnostic accuracy of PI-RADS category 3 cases by radiologists. There is also an increase in diagnostic efficiency and diagnostic confidence.

Keywords: Deep learning; Magnetic resonance imaging; Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System; Prostatic neoplasms.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Torre LA, Bray F, Siegel RL, Ferlay J, Lortet-Tieulent J, Jemal A, Global cancer statistics, 2012, CA Cancer J Clin, 2015, 65(2):87-108. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21262 . - DOI - PubMed
    1. Culp MB, Soerjomataram I, Efstathiou JA, Bray F, Jemal A, Recent Global Patterns in Prostate Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates, Eur Urol, 2020, 77(1):38-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2019.08.005 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Boustani AM, Pucar D, Saperstein L, Molecular imaging of prostate cancer, Br J Radiol, 2018, 91(1084):20170736. https://doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20170736 . - DOI - PubMed - PMC
    1. Fütterer JJ, Briganti A, De Visschere P, Emberton M, Giannarini G, Kirkham A, et al. Can Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer Be Detected with Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging? A Systematic Review of the Literature, Eur Urol, 2015, 68(6):1045-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2015.01.013 . - DOI - PubMed
    1. Klotz L, Chin J, Black PC, Finelli A, Anidjar M, Bladou F, et al. Comparison of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Targeted Biopsy With Systematic Transrectal Ultrasonography Biopsy for Biopsy-Naive Men at Risk for Prostate Cancer: A Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial, JAMA Oncol, 2021, 1;7(4):534-542. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.7589 . - DOI - PubMed - PMC

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources