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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2023 Oct:204:110921.
doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110921. Epub 2023 Sep 22.

Well-being outcomes of a family-focused intervention for persons with type 2 diabetes and support persons: Main, mediated, and subgroup effects from the FAMS 2.0 RCT

McKenzie K Roddy  1 , Andrew J Spieker  2 , Lyndsay A Nelson  1 , Robert A Greevy Jr  2 , Lauren M LeStourgeon  1 , Erin M Bergner  1 , Merna El-Rifai  1 , Tom A Elasy  1 , James E Aikens  3 , Ruth Q Wolever  4 , Lindsay S Mayberry  5
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Well-being outcomes of a family-focused intervention for persons with type 2 diabetes and support persons: Main, mediated, and subgroup effects from the FAMS 2.0 RCT

McKenzie K Roddy et al. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2023 Oct.

Abstract

Aims: Type 2 diabetes self-management occurs within social contexts. We sought to test the effects of Family/friend Activation to Motivate Self-care (FAMS), a self-care support intervention delivered via mobile phones, on psychosocial outcomes for persons with diabetes (PWDs) and their support persons.

Methods: PWDs had the option to enroll with a friend/family member as a support person in a 15-month RCT to evaluate FAMS versus enhanced usual care. FAMS included 9 months of monthly phone coaching and text message support for PWDs, and text message support for enrolled support persons.

Results: PWDs (N = 329) were 52% male and 39% reported minoritized race or ethnicity ; 50% enrolled with elevated diabetes distress. Support persons (N = 294) were 26% male and 33% reported minoritized race or ethnicity. FAMS improved PWDs' diabetes distress (d = -0.19) and global well-being (d = 0.21) during the intervention, with patterns of larger effects among minoritized groups. Post-intervention (9-month) and sustained (15-month) improvements were driven by changes in PWDs' self-efficacy, self-care behaviors, and autonomy support. Among support persons, FAMS improved helpful involvement without increasing burden or harmful involvement.

Conclusions: FAMS improved PWDs' psychosocial well-being, with post-intervention and sustained improvements driven by improved self-efficacy, self-care, and autonomy support. Support persons increased helpful involvement without adverse effects.

Keywords: Diabetes distress; Digital delivery; Family intervention; Mediation; Support person; Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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