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. 2023 Sep 5;8(37):34111-34119.
doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05292. eCollection 2023 Sep 19.

Volatile Compound Profiling of Seven Tuber Species Using HS-SPME-GC-MS and Classification by a Chemometric Approach

Cansu Korkmaz  1 , Khaoula Hellal  2 , Meltem Taş Küçükaydın  2 , Fatih Çayan  3 , Selçuk Küçükaydın  4 , Mehmet Emin Duru  2
Affiliations

Volatile Compound Profiling of Seven Tuber Species Using HS-SPME-GC-MS and Classification by a Chemometric Approach

Cansu Korkmaz et al. ACS Omega. .

Abstract

Edible mushrooms are important providers of nutrients and are well recognized for their particular organoleptic properties. The volatiles that Tuber releases serve purposes beyond simply appealing to our sense of smell. Truffles have different smells and tastes due to the fact that they contain different volatile components; therefore, aroma is essential in defining the organoleptic properties and quality of truffles. In this research, seven Tuber species, namely, Tuber ferrugineum, Tuber nitidum, Tuber excavatum, Tuber rufum, Tuber puberulum, Tuber aestivum, and Tuber borchii were selected. The primary objective of this study was to carry out the first in-depth investigation of the volatile compounds and chemometric analysis of seven truffle species from the Tuber genus that are grown in Turkey. The SPME headspace combined with GC-MS analysis identified 60 volatiles from different classes, with the abundance of terpenes being followed in a decreasing order by alcohols, aldehydes, sulfides, ketones, and other aromatic compounds. According to the chemometric analysis, methional, 3-methyl-4,5-dihydrothiophene, p-(methylthio) benzaldehyde, 3-octene, linalyl acetate, methyl caproate, and β-trans-ocimene could be highlighted as markers for T. borchii grown in Turkey. This investigation was conducted for the first time using T. ferrugineum, T. puberulum, and T. nitidum. The comparison of the volatile profile of these tubers' species displayed branded differences. Thus, the knowledge gained from this research may pave the way to identify the key aroma contributors in the chosen Tuber species.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing financial interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Relative percentages of volatile compound classes in truffle species identified by HS-SPME/GC–MS analysis.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(A) Score plot graphic in terms of PC1 and PC2, (B) loading plot graphic in terms of PC1 and PC2 in Tuber species, and (C) dendrogram results obtained by the Euclidean distance and Ward Linkage method.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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