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. 2022 Feb 17:10:521.
doi: 10.12688/f1000research.51029.2. eCollection 2021.

Numerical model for enhancing stimulated Brillouin scattering in optical microfibers

Soon Heng Yeap  1   2 , Siamak Dawazdah Emami  2   3 , Hairul Azhar Abdul-Rashid  2
Affiliations

Numerical model for enhancing stimulated Brillouin scattering in optical microfibers

Soon Heng Yeap et al. F1000Res. .

Abstract

Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is useful, among others for generating slow light, sensing and amplification. SBS was previously viewed as a poor method due to the limitation on optical power in high-powered photonic applications. However, considering the many possible applications using SBS, it is now of interest to enhance SBS in areas of Brillouin frequency shift together with Brillouin Gain. A numerical model, using a fully vectorial approach, by employing the finite element method, was developed to investigate methods for enhancing SBS in optical fiber. This paper describes the method related to the numerical model and discusses the analysis between the interactions of longitudinal, shear and hybrid acoustic modes; and optical modes in optical fiber. Two case studies were used to demonstrate this. Based on this numerical model, we report the influence of core radius, clad radius and effective refractive index on the Brillouin frequency shift and gain. We observe the difference of Brillouin shift frequency between a normal silica optical fiber and that of a microfiber - a uniformed silica fiber of a much smaller core and cladding dimensions where nonlinearities are higher. Also observed, the different core radii used and their respective Brillouin shift. For future work, the COMSOL model can also be used for the following areas of research, including simulating "surface Brillouin shift" and also to provide in-sights to the Brillouin shift frequency vB of various structures of waveguides, e.g circular, and triangular, and also to examine specialty fibers, e.g. Thulium and Chalcogenide doped fibers, and their effects on Brillouin shift frequency.

Keywords: Brillouin Shift Frequency; COMSOL; Effective Refractive Index; Slow Light; Stimulated Brillouin Scattering.

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Conflict of interest statement

No competing interests were disclosed.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.. Case study 1: optical results.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.. Case study 2: optical results.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.. Case study 1: acoustic results for shear modes.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.. Case study 2: acoustic results for shear modes.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.. Case study 1: acoustic results for longitudinal modes.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.. Case study 2: acoustic results for longitudinal modes.
Figure 7.
Figure 7.. Case study 1: acoustic results for hybrid modes.
Figure 8.
Figure 8.. Case study 2: acoustic results for hybrid modes.
Figure 9.
Figure 9.. Relationship between n eff and silica microfiber diameter.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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