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Review
. 2023 Sep 26;55(5):328.
doi: 10.1007/s11250-023-03754-6.

Review: genetic background of milk fatty acid synthesis in bovines

Akansha Singh  1 , Waseem Akram Malla  2 , Amit Kumar  3 , Asit Jain  4 , Mohan Singh Thakur  4 , Vaishali Khare  4 , Sita Prasad Tiwari  4
Affiliations
Review

Review: genetic background of milk fatty acid synthesis in bovines

Akansha Singh et al. Trop Anim Health Prod. .

Abstract

Milk fat composition is an important trait for the dairy industry as it directly influences the nutritional and technological properties of milk and other dairy products. The synthesis of milk fat is a complex process regulated by a network of genes. Thus, understanding the genetic variation and molecular mechanisms regulating milk fat synthesis will help to improve the nutritional quality of dairy products. In this review, we provide an overview of milk fat synthesis in bovines along with the candidate genes involved in the pathway. We also discuss de novo synthesis of fatty acids (ACSS, ACACA, FASN), uptake of FAs (FATP, FAT, LPL), intracellular activation and channelling of FAs (ACSL, FABP), elongation (EVOLV6), desaturation (SCD, FADS), formation of triglycerides (GPAM, AGPAT, LIPIN, DGAT), and milk lipid secretion (BTN1A1, XDH, PLIN2). The genetic variability of individual fatty acids will help to develop selection strategies for obtaining a healthier milk fat profile in bovines. Thus, this review will offer a potential understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate milk fat synthesis in bovines.

Keywords: Bovine; Fatty acid composition; Milk fat; Molecular mechanism.

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