Clinical evaluation of the combined efficacy of injectable platelet-rich fibrin along with scaling and root planing in the non-surgical periodontal therapy of stage III and grade C periodontitis patients having type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Background: This randomized controlled trial was aimed to evaluate the combined efficacy of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) and scaling and root planing (SRP) in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects having periodontitis.

Methods: Twenty-six Stage III, grade C periodontitis subjects (HbA1c > 7) were recruited in this split-mouth study. Following SRP, the test sites received subgingival application of i-PRF, while the control sites received saline. Plaque index, bleeding on probing, modified gingival index, probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured at baseline, 3 and 6 months.

Results: Twenty-three participants completed the course of research. The Friedman test followed by Dunn's post hoc test, revealed significant improvement in all the clinical parameters from baseline to 3 and 6 months in both the study groups (p ≤ 0.05). The mean PPD and CAL decreased from 6.30 ± 1.25 and 7.48 ± 1.75 at baseline to 3.48 ± 1.34 and 4.39 ± 1.67 at 6 months in control sites and from 6.57 ± 1.56 and 7.61 ± 1.69 to 3.39 ± 1.23 and 4.26 ± 1.81 at 6 months in test sites (p ≤ 0.0001). Intergroup analysis found no statistical significant differences in the evaluated parameters across all time intervals (p > 0.05) CONCLUSION: The results indicated that the adjunctive application of i-PRF to SRP provided similar benefits as saline and SRP in diabetes mellitus subjects.

Key points: Question: To find the combined efficacy of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) along with scaling and root planing (SRP) in the management of periodontal pockets of Stage III and Grade C periodontitis patients having Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).

Finding: All of the treated sites showed satisfactory healing. Both the treatment modalities (i-PRF + SRP and Saline + SRP) were effective in the treatment of periodontal pockets. At 3 and 6 months, there were no significant differences in periodontal parameters between groups. Meaning: The application of i-PRF as an adjunct to SRP provided similar benefits as saline and SRP in improving clinical parameters in subjects with stage III and grade C periodontitis patients having T2DM (HbA1C > 7).

Keywords: diabetes mellitus; periodontal pocket; periodontitis; platelet‐rich fibrin; root planing.