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Review
. 2024 Apr;38(2):225-237.
doi: 10.1111/fcp.12955. Epub 2023 Sep 27.

Neuroprotective effects of riluzole in Alzheimer's disease: A comprehensive review

Maryam Golmohammadi  1 , Mohammadreza Mahmoudian  2 , Ekhlas Khammas Hasan  3 , Shadia Hamoud Alshahrani  4 , Rosario Mireya Romero-Parra  5 , Jitendra Malviya  6 , Ahmed Hjazi  7 , Mazin A A Najm  8 , Abbas F Almulla  9 , Mohammad Yasin Zamanian  10   11 , Mona Kadkhodaei  12 , Nazanin Mousavi  13
Affiliations
Review

Neuroprotective effects of riluzole in Alzheimer's disease: A comprehensive review

Maryam Golmohammadi et al. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2024 Apr.

Abstract

Background: Despite several hundred clinical trials of drugs that initially showed promise, there has been limited clinical improvement in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This may be attributed to the existence of at least 25 abnormal cellular pathways that underlie the disease. It is improbable for a single drug to address all or most of these pathways, thus even drugs that show promise when administered alone are unlikely to produce significant results. According to previous studies, eight drugs, namely, dantrolene, erythropoietin, lithium, memantine, minocycline, piracetam, riluzole, and silymarin, have been found to target multiple pathways that are involved in the development of AD. Among these drugs, riluzole is currently indicated for the treatment of medical conditions in both adult patients and children and has gained increased attention from scientists due to its potential in the excitotoxic hypothesis of neurodegenerative diseases.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of drugs on AD based on cellular and molecular mechanisms.

Methods: The literature search for this study utilized the Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases to identify relevant articles.

Results: Riluzole exerts its effects in AD through diverse pathways including the inhibition of voltage-dependent sodium and calcium channels, blocking AMPA and NMDA receptors and inhibiting the release of glutamic acid release and stimulation of EAAT1-EAAT2.

Conclusion: In this review article, we aimed to review the neuroprotective properties of riluzole, a glutamate modulator, in AD, which could benefit patients with the disease.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; amyloid beta; glutamic acid; neuroprotection; riluzole.

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References

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