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Review
. 2023 Sep 28;23(1):208.
doi: 10.1186/s12902-023-01453-9.

Poor glycemic control and its associated factors among children with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Harar, eastern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

Betelhem Demeke Habteyohans  1 , Betre Shimelis Hailu  1 , Fentahun Meseret  2 , Ahmed Mohammed  1 , Yeshi Berhanu  1 , Ayichew Alemu  3 , Gadissa Tolosa  3 , Mulualem Keneni  3 , Assefa Desalew  3
Affiliations
Review

Poor glycemic control and its associated factors among children with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Harar, eastern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

Betelhem Demeke Habteyohans et al. BMC Endocr Disord. .

Abstract

Background: Poor glycemic control increases the risk of acute metabolic derangements and long-term consequences, which are the main causes of morbidity and mortality. Maintaining adequate glycemic control is challenging for children with diabetes, particularly in resource-limited settings. There is a paucity of data on the magnitude of poor glycemic control and its predisposing factors in Ethiopian particularly in this study setting. Hence, we aimed to assess the magnitude of poor glycemic control and its associated factors among children and adolescents with type 1 diabetic mellitus in Jugol and Hiwot Fana Compressive Specialized University Hospitals in Harar, eastern Ethiopia.

Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 231 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Jugol and Hiwot Fana Compressive Specialized University Hospitals. Participants were included consecutively in the follow-up clinic from November 15, 2022 to January 15, 2023. Data were collected through an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and a review of medical records. A binary logistic regression model with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to identify the factors associated with poor glycemic control. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Result: A total of 231 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus were included. The magnitude of poor glycemic control was 166 (71.9%) with 95% CI 66.0-77.7%). In multivariable analysis, the age of the child (aOR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.05-0.83), education of the caregiver (aOR = 4.13;95% CI: 1.82-9.46), meal frequency less than three (aOR = 3.28; 95% CI: 1.25-8.62), and consumption of forbidden foods (aOR = 3.17; 95% CI: 1.21-8.29) were factors significantly associated with poor glycemic control.

Conclusion: Two-thirds of participants had poor glycemic control. There was a statistically significant association between the age of the child, education of the caregiver, meal frequency, and forbidden foods with poor glycemic control. To improve glycemic control, diabetes education on meal use and selection should be conducted during follow-up along with parent education.

Keywords: Associated factors; Ethiopia; Glycemic control; Harar; Hiwot Fana Compressive Specialized University Hospital; Jugol General Hospital; Type 1 child and adolescent.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Monthly family income of children and adolescents with T1DM in Jugol General Hospital and Hiwot Fana Compressive Specialized University Hospital, Harar, Eastern Ethiopia, November 15, 2022 to January 15, 2023. (n = 231)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Glycemic control of children and adolescents with T1DM in Jugol General Hospital and Hiwot Fana Compressive Specialized University Hospital, Harar, Eastern Ethiopia, November 15, 2022 to January 15, 2023. (n = 231)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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