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Review
. 2023 Aug 22;12(9):1653.
doi: 10.3390/antiox12091653.

Oxidative Stress in Liver Pathophysiology and Disease

Abdolamir Allameh  1 , Reyhaneh Niayesh-Mehr  1 , Azadeh Aliarab  1 , Giada Sebastiani  2   3 , Kostas Pantopoulos  3   4
Affiliations
Review

Oxidative Stress in Liver Pathophysiology and Disease

Abdolamir Allameh et al. Antioxidants (Basel). .

Abstract

The liver is an organ that is particularly exposed to reactive oxygen species (ROS), which not only arise during metabolic functions but also during the biotransformation of xenobiotics. The disruption of redox balance causes oxidative stress, which affects liver function, modulates inflammatory pathways and contributes to disease. Thus, oxidative stress is implicated in acute liver injury and in the pathogenesis of prevalent infectious or metabolic chronic liver diseases such as viral hepatitis B or C, alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Moreover, oxidative stress plays a crucial role in liver disease progression to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Herein, we provide an overview on the effects of oxidative stress on liver pathophysiology and the mechanisms by which oxidative stress promotes liver disease.

Keywords: NAFLD; NASH; ROS; fibrosis; hepatitis; hepatocellular carcinoma; liver disease.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Anatomy of the liver lobule.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Major sources of ROS production and NRF2 signaling pathway in liver cells.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Effects of oxidative stress on different liver cells.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Role of inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cytokines in liver fibrosis that may further lead to HCC.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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