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Review
. 2023 Sep 7;24(18):13805.
doi: 10.3390/ijms241813805.

The Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Cardiovascular Diseases

Linh T T Le  1 , Chan X T Nhu  1
Affiliations
Review

The Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Cardiovascular Diseases

Linh T T Le et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNA molecules longer than 200 nucleotides that regulate gene expression at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and translational levels. Abnormal expression of lncRNAs has been identified in many human diseases. Future improvements in diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic techniques will be facilitated by a deeper understanding of disease etiology. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the main cause of death globally. Cardiac development involves lncRNAs, and their abnormalities are linked to many CVDs. This review examines the relationship and function of lncRNA in a variety of CVDs, including atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, myocardial hypertrophy, and heart failure. Therein, the potential utilization of lncRNAs in clinical diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic applications will also be discussed.

Keywords: atherosclerosis; clinical application; heart failure; long non-coding RNA; myocardial hypertrophy; myocardial infarction.

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Conflict of interest statement

The author declares no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Classification of lncRNA.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The function of long non-coding RNA. Nuclear lncRNAs can work as enhancer RNA (eRNA) (a), chromatin-modifying complexes (b), transcription factors (c), or affect pre-mRNA splicing (d). Cytoplasmic lncRNAs can regulate mRNA expression by affecting its stabilizing (e), translating (f), or competing for microRNA binding (g). Some can translate into active peptides (h).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Long non-coding RNAs associated with cardiovascular diseases. The squares next to lncRNAs represent their expression levels. Red: increased expression; Blue: decreased expression; Gray: unidentified expression level.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The role of some long non-coding RNAs in cardiovascular diseases. Long non-coding RNAs can either regulate the expression of target mRNAs or act as miRNA sponges to control the expression of target genes or signaling pathways, respectively.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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