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. 2023 Sep 11;12(18):5899.
doi: 10.3390/jcm12185899.

The Influence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Acute Myocardial Infarction Outcomes

Eugeniusz Hrycek  1   2 , Anna Walawska-Hrycek  3 , Maciej Hamankiewicz  4 , Krzysztof Milewski  5 , Przemysław Nowakowski  1   6 , Piotr Buszman  2   5 , Aleksander Żurakowski  1   2
Affiliations

The Influence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Acute Myocardial Infarction Outcomes

Eugeniusz Hrycek et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

Background: This multicenter retrospective study with a control group was designed to assess the influence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on the outcomes of patients with myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods: A total of 129 patients with COVID-19 who were treated for MI were included in this study. The control group comprised 129 comparable patients without SARS-CoV-2 infection. The in-hospital, out-of-hospital, and overall mortality were analyzed.

Results: A total of thirty-one (24%) patients died in the study group, and two (1.6%) patients died in the control group (OR = 20.09; CI: 4.69-85.97; p < 0.001). Similar results were observed in all analyzed patient subgroups. Multivariable Cox regression analysis confirmed the significant influence of SARS-CoV-2 infection on in-hospital outcomes (HR: 8.48459; CI: 1.982-36.320; p = 0.004). Subanalysis of the groups with COVID-19 plus ST-elevation MI (STEMI) or non-ST-elevation MI (NSTEMI) revealed comparable mortality rates: 14 (21.12%) patients in the NSTEMI group and 17 (26.98%) patients in the STEMI subgroup died (OR: 1.3; CI: 0.56-3.37; p = 0.45). During out-of-hospital observation, no differences in mortality were observed (OR: 0.77; CI: 0.11-4.07; p = 0.73).

Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 infection affects the in-hospital outcomes of patients with both MI and COVID-19, regardless of MI type (STEMI vs. NSTEMI).

Keywords: COVID-19; heart failure; myocardial infarction; respiratory failure.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Study design. COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019, MI: myocardial infarction.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Comparison of overall in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19 vs. controls. COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mortality analysis in subgroups of patients. DM: diabetes mellitus; HF: heart failure; ICU: intensive care. (A) Comparison of in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 subgroups vs. control subgroups. (B) Kaplan–Meier analysis of 6-month overall mortality in the COVID-19 intensive care unit patient subgroup vs. COVID-19 non-intensive care unit patient subgroup.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Kaplan–Meier analysis of 6-month overall mortality, comparing the COVID-19 group and controls. COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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