Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023 Aug 25;15(9):1812.
doi: 10.3390/v15091812.

Mathematical Modeling of Oncolytic Virus Therapy Reveals Role of the Immune Response

Ela Guo  1 , Hana M Dobrovolny  1
Affiliations

Mathematical Modeling of Oncolytic Virus Therapy Reveals Role of the Immune Response

Ela Guo et al. Viruses. .

Abstract

Oncolytic adenoviruses (OAds) present a promising path for cancer treatment due to their selectivity in infecting and lysing tumor cells and their ability to stimulate the immune response. In this study, we use an ordinary differential equation (ODE) model of tumor growth inhibited by oncolytic virus activity to parameterize previous research on the effect of genetically re-engineered OAds in A549 lung cancer tumors in murine models. We find that the data are best fit by a model that accounts for an immune response, and that the immune response provides a mechanism for elimination of the tumor. We also find that parameter estimates for the most effective OAds share characteristics, most notably a high infection rate and low viral clearance rate, that might be potential reasons for these viruses' efficacy in delaying tumor growth. Further studies observing E1A and P19 recombined viruses in different tumor environments may further illuminate the extent of the effects of these genetic modifications.

Keywords: cancer; immune response; interferon; mathematical model; parameter estimation.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Exponential model fit and best fit parameters of the untreated curve from Figure 6A of [16].
Figure 2
Figure 2
Graphs of tumor data and model without immune response. (top left) Ad1d24.P19 (top right) Ad2d24.P19 (center left) Ad5.P19 (center right) Ad6d24.P19 (bottom left) H101 (bottom right) all treatment curves plotted together.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Graphs of tumor data and fits of the model with an immune response. (top left) Ad1d24.P19 (top right) Ad2d24.P19 (center left) Ad5.P19 (center right) Ad6d24.P19 (bottom left) H101 (bottom right) all treatment curves plotted together.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Histogram plots of logs of parameter distributions: (top right) β, (top left) V(0), (second row left) k, (second row right) δ, (third row left) p, (third row right) ϵ, (bottom left) c, and (bottom right) α.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Predicted tumor volume for the models with and without interferon.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Ahmad F.B., Anderson R.N. The leading causes of death in the US for 2020. JAMA. 2021;325:1829–1830. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.5469. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Hilscher M., Røder A., Helgstrand J.T., Klemann N., Brasso K., Vickers A.J., Stroomberg H.V. Risk of prostate cancer and death after benign transurethral resection of the prostate—A 20-year population-based analysis. Cancer. 2022;128:3674–3680. doi: 10.1002/cncr.34407. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Henry D.H., Viswanathan H.N., Elkin E.P., Traina S., Wade S., Cella D. Symptoms and treatment burden associated with cancer treatment: Results from a cross-sectional national survey in the US. Support. Care Cancer. 2008;16:791–801. doi: 10.1007/s00520-007-0380-2. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Gegechkori N., Haines L., Lin J.J. Long-Term and Latent Side Effects of Specific Cancer Types. Med. Clin. N. Am. 2017;101:1053–1073. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Lawler S.E., Speranza M.C., Cho C.F., Chiocca E.A. Oncolytic viruses in cancer treatment: A review. JAMA Oncol. 2017;3:841–849. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.2064. - DOI - PubMed