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Review
. 2023 Aug 30;15(9):1844.
doi: 10.3390/v15091844.

Immunogenicity and Efficacy of Vaccination in People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Eeva Tortellini  1 , Yann Collins Fosso Ngangue  1 , Federica Dominelli  1 , Mariasilvia Guardiani  1 , Carmen Falvino  1 , Fabio Mengoni  1 , Anna Carraro  1 , Raffaella Marocco  2 , Patrizia Pasculli  1 , Claudio Maria Mastroianni  1 , Maria Rosa Ciardi  1 , Miriam Lichtner  2   3 , Maria Antonella Zingaropoli  1
Affiliations
Review

Immunogenicity and Efficacy of Vaccination in People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Eeva Tortellini et al. Viruses. .

Abstract

People living with HIV (PLWH) remain at high risk of mortality and morbidity from vaccine-preventable diseases, even though antiretroviral therapy (ART) has restored life expectancy and general well-being. When, which, and how many doses of vaccine should be administered over the lifetime of PLWH are questions that have become clinically relevant. Immune responses to most vaccines are known to be impaired in PLWH. Effective control of viremia with ART and restored CD4+ T-cell count are correlated with an improvement in responsiveness to routine vaccines. However, the presence of immune alterations, comorbidities and co-infections may alter it. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of the literature on immune responses to different vaccines in the setting of HIV infection, emphasizing the potential effect of HIV-related factors and presence of comorbidities in modulating such responses. A better understanding of these issues will help guide vaccination and prevention strategies for PLWH.

Keywords: ART; CD4; COVID-19; HIV; HPV; PLWH; immune responses; influenza; vaccination.

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Conflict of interest statement

Miriam Lichtner received department grants from Gilead outside the submitted work and support from advisory boards for attending conferences from MSD, Abbvie, Gilead, GSK, Angelini and ViiV. All other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Summary of humoral and cellular immunity in PLWH to recommended vaccinations.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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