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Review
. 2023 Sep 15;15(9):1935.
doi: 10.3390/v15091935.

E3 Ubiquitin Ligases in Gammaherpesviruses and HIV: A Review of Virus Adaptation and Exploitation

Jessica Oswald  1 , Mathew Constantine  1 , Adedolapo Adegbuyi  1 , Esosa Omorogbe  1 , Anna J Dellomo  1 , Elana S Ehrlich  1
Affiliations
Review

E3 Ubiquitin Ligases in Gammaherpesviruses and HIV: A Review of Virus Adaptation and Exploitation

Jessica Oswald et al. Viruses. .

Abstract

For productive infection and replication to occur, viruses must control cellular machinery and counteract restriction factors and antiviral proteins. Viruses can accomplish this, in part, via the regulation of cellular gene expression and post-transcriptional and post-translational control. Many viruses co-opt and counteract cellular processes via modulation of the host post-translational modification machinery and encoding or hijacking kinases, SUMO ligases, deubiquitinases, and ubiquitin ligases, in addition to other modifiers. In this review, we focus on three oncoviruses, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and their interactions with the ubiquitin-proteasome system via viral-encoded or cellular E3 ubiquitin ligase activity.

Keywords: Epstein–Barr virus; HIV; gammaherpesvirus; human herpesvirus-4; human herpesvirus-8; rhadinovirus; ubiquitin.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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