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. 2024 Feb 7;117(1):24-37.
doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcad220.

Global burden and inequality of maternal and neonatal disorders: based on data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study

R Peng  1 , Y Tong  1 , M Yang  1 , J Wang  1 , L Yang  1 , J Zhu  1 , Yu Liu  1 , H Wang  2 , Z Shi  1 , Ya Liu  1
Affiliations

Global burden and inequality of maternal and neonatal disorders: based on data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study

R Peng et al. QJM. .

Abstract

Background: Maternal and neonatal disorders account for substantial health loss across the lifespan from early childhood. These problems may be related to health inequality.

Aim: To provide evidence for improvement in health policies regarding maternal and neonatal disorder inequity.

Design: This was a population-based cross-sectional study based on 2019 Global Burden of Disease data.

Methods: Annual cases and age-standardized rates (ASRs) of incidence, prevalence, death, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in maternal and neonatal disorders between 1990 and 2019 were collected from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study. Concentration curves and concentration indices were used to summarize the degree of socioeconomic-related inequality.

Results: For maternal disorders, the global ASRs of incidence, prevalence, death and DALYs were 2889.4 (95% uncertainty interval (UI), 2562.9-3251.9), 502.9 (95% UI 418.7-598.0), 5.0 (95% UI 4.4-5.8) and 324.9 (95% UI 284.0-369.1) per 100 000 women in 2019, respectively. The ASRs of maternal disorders were all obviously reduced and remained pro-poor from 1990 to 2019. In neonatal disorders, the global ASRs of incidence, prevalence, death and DALYs were 363.3 (95% UI 334.6-396.8), 1239.8 (95% UI 1142.1-1356.7), 29.1 (95% UI 24.8-34.5) and 2828.3 (95% UI 2441.6-3329.6) per 100 000 people in 2019, respectively. The global ASRs of incidence, death and DALYs in neonatal disorders have remained pro-poor. However, the socioeconomic-related fairness in the ASR of neonatal disorder prevalence is being levelled.

Conclusions: The global burden of maternal and neonatal disorders has remained high, and socioeconomic-related inequality (pro-poor) tended not to change between 1990 and 2019.

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Conflict of interest statement

All authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Global temporal patterns of maternal disorder burden between 1990 and 2019. (A) Incidence, (B) prevalence, (C) death and (D) DALYs.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
The global incidence and DALY burden and changing trends of maternal disorders between 1990 and 2019 in 204 countries and territories. (A) The ASIR of maternal disorders in 2019. (B) The relative change in incident cases of maternal disorders between 1990 and 2019. (C) The EAPC in the ASIR of maternal disorders from 1990 to 2019. (D) The ASR-DALYs of maternal disorders in 2019. (E) The relative change in DALY counts of maternal disorders between 1990 and 2019. (F) The EAPC in ASR-DALYs of maternal disorders from 1990 to 2019. ASIR, age-standardized incidence rate; CIC, change in cases; EAPC, estimated annual percentage change; DALYs, disability-adjusted life-years.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Concentration curves for the ASR of maternal disorders between 1990 and 2019. (A) Age-standardized incidence rate. (B) Age-standardized prevalence rate. (C) Age-standardized death rate. (D) Age-standardized DALY rate. SDI, socio-demographic index; DALYs, disability-adjusted life-years.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Global temporal patterns of neonatal disorder burden between 1990 and 2019. (A) Incidence, (B) prevalence, (C) death and (D) DALYs.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
The global incidence and DALY burden and changing trends of neonatal disorders between 1990 and 2019 in 204 countries and territories. (A) The ASIR of neonatal disorders in 2019. (B) The relative change in incident cases of neonatal disorders between 1990 and 2019. (C) The EAPC in the ASIR of neonatal disorders from 1990 to 2019. (D) The ASR-DALYs of neonatal disorders in 2019. (E) The relative change in DALY counts of neonatal disorders between 1990 and 2019. (F) The EAPC in ASR-DALYs of neonatal disorders from 1990 to 2019. ASIR, age-standardized incidence rate; CIC, change in cases; EAPC, estimated annual percentage change; DALYs, disability-adjusted life-years.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Concentration curves for the age-standardized rate of neonatal disorders between 1990 and 2019. (A) Age-standardized incidence rate. (B) Age-standardized prevalence rate. (C) Age-standardized death rate. (D) Age-standardized DALY rate. SDI, socio-demographic index; DALYs, disability-adjusted life-years.
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