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Review
. 2023 Sep 14:14:1249057.
doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1249057. eCollection 2023.

Phosphorylation mediated regulation of RNA splicing in plants

Maria Camila Rodriguez Gallo  1 , R Glen Uhrig  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Phosphorylation mediated regulation of RNA splicing in plants

Maria Camila Rodriguez Gallo et al. Front Plant Sci. .

Abstract

For the past two decades, the study of alternative splicing (AS) and its involvement in plant development and stress response has grown in popularity. Only recently however, has the focus shifted to the study of how AS regulation (or lack-thereof) affects downstream mRNA and protein landscapes and how these AS regulatory events impact plant development and stress tolerance. In humans, protein phosphorylation represents one of the predominant mechanisms by which AS is regulated and thus the protein kinases governing these phosphorylation events are of interest for further study. Large-scale phosphoproteomic studies in plants have consistently found that RNA splicing-related proteins are extensively phosphorylated, however, the signaling pathways involved in AS regulation have not been resolved. In this mini-review, we summarize our current knowledge of the three major splicing-related protein kinase families in plants that are suggested to mediate AS phospho-regulation and draw comparisons to their metazoan orthologs. We also summarize and contextualize the phosphorylation events identified as occurring on splicing-related protein families to illustrate the high degree to which splicing-related proteins are modified, placing a new focus on elucidating the impacts of AS at the protein and PTM-level.

Keywords: RNA splicing; phosphorylation; protein kinases; proteomics; regulation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Number of unique protein phosphorylation events identified on splicing-related proteins in Arabidoposis. Identified phosphosites were collected from PTMviewer (Willems et al., 2019; https://www.psb.ugent.be/webtools/ptm-viewer/index.php) and qPTM (Xue et al., 2022; http://qptmplants.omicsbio.info/). Selection and categorization of splicing-related proteins were acquired from plantSPEAD (Chen et al., 2021; http://chemyang.ccnu.edu.cn/ccb/database/PlantSPEAD/index.php) and the number of proteins related to each family is plotted. Number of phosphorylation events for select protein families were converted to a colour intensity gradient.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Number of unique protein phosphorylation events identified on splicing-related proteins in Arabidopsis tissues. Tissue-specific phosphosites were collected from PTMviewer (Willems et al., 2019; https://www.psb.ugent.be/webtools/ptm-viewer/index.php).
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