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Review
. 2023 Aug 2;9(3):227-235.
doi: 10.1002/wjo2.126. eCollection 2023 Sep.

Facial fillers: Relevant anatomy, injection techniques, and complications

Nicholas W Clark  1 , Debbie R Pan  1 , Dane M Barrett  1
Affiliations
Review

Facial fillers: Relevant anatomy, injection techniques, and complications

Nicholas W Clark et al. World J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg. .

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this review article is to discuss the currently available facial fillers, their differences and indications, relevant anatomy, injection techniques, and avoidance and management of complications.

Data sources: Clinical experience and scientific papers.

Conclusions: Reversal of facial aging via filler injection has been around since the late 1800s with the initial use of detrimental products. Today, many safe and effective products exist and can be tailored to the individual patient's desired effect. With the evolution of both products and injection techniques, the rate of complications with facial filler use is low. Nonetheless, providers offering facial filler injections should have detailed knowledge of facial anatomy, including facial planes and soft tissue compartments. Multiple injection techniques exist. Different techniques should be used, depending on the anatomic target. Providers should also know how to avoid and manage complications.

Keywords: cosmetic; facial; filler; injection; plastic surgery.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Facial fat compartments.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Landmarks for course of angular artery. Angular artery can be found 13 mm from medial canthus and 17 mm from midline (A). Angular artery can be found within 5 mm of the nasolabial fold (B).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Filler injection techniques. (A) Linear threading, (B) depot/serial puncture, (C) fanning, (D) cross‐hatching.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Anatomic zones and techniques for filler injection. Temporal region (A), glabellar and brow region (B), orbital and cheek region (C), nasolabial fold (D), prejowl sulcus and mandibular line (E).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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