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. 2023 Sep 21:54:7-13.
doi: 10.1016/j.athplu.2023.09.003. eCollection 2023 Dec.

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and multiple myeloma: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Anastasios Makris  1   2 , Antonia Pagkali  1 , Emmanouil Nikolousis  1 , Theodosios D Filippatos  3 , Aris P Agouridis  1   4
Affiliations

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and multiple myeloma: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Anastasios Makris et al. Atheroscler Plus. .

Abstract

Background and aims: To systematically investigate all relevant evidence on the association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and multiple myeloma (MM).

Methods: We searched PubMed and Cochrane library databases (up to 20 September 2022) for studies with evidence on HDL-C in patients with MM. A qualitative synthesis of published prospective and retrospective studies for the role of HDL-C and other lipid profile parameters in MM was performed. Additionally, a meta-analysis on HDL-C mean differences (MD) between MM cases and controls was performed.

Results: Fourteen studies (3 prospective, 11 retrospective) including 895 MM patients were eligible for this systematic review. Ten studies compared HDL-C levels in MM patients with healthy controls. In these 10 studies (n = 17,213), pooled analyses showed that MM patients had significantly lower HDL-C levels compared to healthy controls (MD: -13.07 mg/dl, 95% CI: -17.83, -8.32, p < 0.00001). Regarding secondary endpoints, total cholesterol (TC) (MD: -22.19 mg/dl, 95% CI: -39.08, -5.30) and apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) (-40.20 mg/dl, 95% CI: -55.00, -25.39) demonstrated significant decreases, while differences in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (MD: -11.33 mg/dl, 95% CI: -36.95, 14.30) and triglycerides (MD: 9.93 mg/dl, 95% CI: -3.40, 23.26) were not shown to be significant.

Conclusions: HDL-C, as well as TC and apoA-I, levels are significantly decreased in MM. Hence, lipid profile parameters should be taken into account when assessing such patients.

Keywords: HDL-C; High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Lipid profile; Multiple myeloma.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Literature search and study selection by use of PRISMA flowchart.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Forest plot of comparison: Multiple Myeloma vs Controls, outcome: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl).
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Forest plot of comparison: Multiple Myeloma vs Controls, outcome: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl).
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Forest plot of comparison: Multiple Myeloma vs Controls, outcome: Total cholesterol (mg/dl).
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Forest plot of comparison: Multiple Myeloma vs Controls, outcome: Triglycerides (mg/dl).
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Forest plot of comparison: Multiple Myeloma vs Controls, outcome: Apolipoprotein A-I (mg/dl).
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Forrest plot of comparison: Multiple Myeloma vs Controls, excluding Kabat 2018 study, outcome: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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