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Review
. 2023 Sep 15:10:1249018.
doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1249018. eCollection 2023.

Polysaccharides: potential bioactive macromolecules for Alzheimer's disease

Gong Peng  1 , Ming Li  2 , Zhaoli Meng  1
Affiliations
Review

Polysaccharides: potential bioactive macromolecules for Alzheimer's disease

Gong Peng et al. Front Nutr. .

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the leading causes of death and disability. AD is a devastating disease that has caused an overwhelming burden. However, no disease-modified treatment was discovered. The approval of sodium oligomannate (GV-971) in mild-moderate AD patients has attracted great attention to investigate the role of saccharides in AD. Therefore, summarizing and explaining the role of saccharides in AD is urgent and promising. Recent studies showed that polysaccharides (PSs) potentially benefit AD in vitro and in vivo. PSs could alleviate the pathological damage and improve cognitive symptoms via (1) antagonizing the toxicity of abnormal amyloid-beta and tau proteins; (2) attenuating oxidative stress and proinflammation; (3) rebuilding neuroplasticity. PSs exhibit one-multiple pathological hits of AD. However, a thorough chemical investigation is needed for further study.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; amyloid-beta; inflammation; oxidative stress; polysaccharide.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Mechanisms involved in Alzheimer’s disease. Although the Amyloid plaques, tau phosphorylation, and neurofibrillary tangles are still considered as the features of Alzheimer’s disease, hypotheses involved in mitochondrial dysfunction and pro-inflammation in neurons have attracted growing interest.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Mechanisms of polysaccharides on the improvement of cognitive impairment in AD via regulation of Aβ deposition, Tau phosphorylation, and synaptic dysfunction.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mechanisms of polysaccharides improving the cognitive function on AD through neuroprotective effects.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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