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. 2023 Oct 4;8(1):378.
doi: 10.1038/s41392-023-01613-2.

Gut microbe-derived metabolite indole-3-carboxaldehyde alleviates atherosclerosis

Yijing Lu #  1 , Wenlong Yang #  2 , Zhiyong Qi  2 , Rifeng Gao  2 , Jing Tong  3 , Tingwen Gao  2 , Yin Zhang  2 , Aijun Sun  4 , Shuning Zhang  5 , Junbo Ge  6
Affiliations

Gut microbe-derived metabolite indole-3-carboxaldehyde alleviates atherosclerosis

Yijing Lu et al. Signal Transduct Target Ther. .
No abstract available

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Gut microbe-derived metabolite indole-3-carboxaldehyde alleviates atherosclerosis. a Tryptophan concentration in patients with atherosclerosis and healthy controls. b ICA concentrations in patients with atherosclerosis and healthy controls. c The concentration of plasma tryptophan metabolites in the high-fat diet and control groups (n = 6). d Plasma tryptophan levels in the Western diet and control groups. e Bacteroidaceae levels in HFD-fed and control groups. f Lactobacillaceae levels in HFD-fed and control groups. g Representative images of Oil Red O staining of the atherosclerotic plaque area in the whole aorta (n = 6, scale bar: 1 mm). Quantitative analysis of the atherosclerotic plaque area in the whole aorta. Data are presented as mean ± SD and were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test. h Representative images of Oil Red O staining of the aortic sinus lesion area (n = 10, scale bar: 100 μm). Data are presented as means ± SD. Data were analyzed using an unpaired two-tailed Student t-test. i Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of the endothelial function associated genes eNOS, VCAM, CCL2, and IL6 in endothelial cells treated with ox-LDL (100 mg/mL) and ICA (100 nmol) (n = 4–6 per group). j DHE and DAPI staining of HUVEC treated with ox-LDL or ICA, respectively (n = 6, scale bar: 100 μm). Quantification of DHE fluorescence intensity. Data are presented as mean ± SEM and statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. k Expression of AhR in HUVEC treated with ICA (n = 4 per group). l DHE and DAPI staining of HUVEC transfected with control siRNA or AhR siRNA treated with ox-LDL and ICA, respectively (n = 6, scale bar: 100 μm). Quantification of the DHE fluorescence intensity. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, and p-values were determined by two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test. m Sector graphs of different functional element regions in the genome integrated with AhR. AhR binds to the promoter region of Nrf2, n as supported by the results of chip-qPCR. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, and statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed Student t-test. o DHE and DAPI staining of HUVEC cells transfected with control siRNA or Nrf2 siRNA treated with ox-LDL and ICA, respectively (n = 6, scale bar: 100 μm). Quantification of the DHE fluorescence intensity. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, and p-values were determined by two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test. (*p < 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001, ****p ≤ 0.0001)
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References

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