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. 2023 Oct 4;13(10):e073975.
doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073975.

Technologies for the diagnosis of angle closure glaucoma (ACE): protocol of a prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional diagnostic study

Augusto Azuara-Blanco  1 , John G Lawrenson  2 , Anthony J King  3 , Paul J Foster  4 , Gianni Virgili  5 , Mary Guiney  6 , Winnie Nolan  7 , Anish Jindal  8   9 , Meenakshi Sharma  5 , Ciaran O'Neill  5 , Christopher R Cardwell  5 , Mike Clarke  10
Affiliations

Technologies for the diagnosis of angle closure glaucoma (ACE): protocol of a prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional diagnostic study

Augusto Azuara-Blanco et al. BMJ Open. .

Abstract

Introduction: Angle-closure is responsible for half of all glaucoma blindness globally. Patients with suspected glaucoma require assessment of the drainage angle by an experienced clinician. The goal of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic performance and cost-effectiveness of two non-contact tests, anterior segment OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography) (AS-OCT) and limbal anterior chamber depth for patients referred to hospital with suspected angle closure compared with gonioscopy by ophthalmologist.

Methods and analysis: Study design: prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy study.

Inclusion criteria: adults referred from community optometry to hospital with suspected angle closure.

Primary outcome: Sensitivity and specificity.

Secondary outcomes: Positive/negative likelihood ratios, concordance, cost-effectiveness, proportion of patients requiring subsequent clinical assessment by ophthalmologist.

Sample size: 600 individuals who have been referred with suspected angle closure from primary care (community optometry). We will have a 95% probability of detecting the true sensitivity of either test to within ±3.5% based on a sensitivity of 90%. The study would also have a 95% probability of detecting the true specificity of either test to within ±5%, assuming a specificity of 75%.

Ethics and dissemination: Ethical Review Board approval was obtained. REC reference: 22/LO/0885. Our findings will be disseminated to those involved in eye care services. We will have a knowledge exchange event at the end of the study, published via the Health Technology Assessment web page and in specialist journals. The results will be presented at professional conferences and directly to patients via patient group meetings and the Glaucoma UK charity.

Trial registration number: ISRCTN15115867.

Keywords: clinical trial; diagnostic imaging; glaucoma; ophthalmology.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
ACE study participant flowchart. AS-OCT, anterior segment Optical Coherence Tomography; LACD, limbal anterior chamber depth.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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