Framework and guide for intralesional steroid injections in idiopathic granulomatous mastitis

Abstract

Purpose: Literature on how to perform intralesional steroid injections, a valuable therapy for idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM), is limited. This technical note offers a detailed technical guide on intralesional steroid injections for IGM and provides a framework for long-term follow-up.

Methods: Ultrasound characterization of IGM severity considering breadth, depth, and ancillary findings was used to guide steroid dosing and injection frequency. Clinical and sonographic breast diagrams were designed for accurate longitudinal tracking of IGM. A step-by-step guide for ultrasound-guided IGM aspirations and intralesional steroid injections was developed.

Results: A detailed approach for ultrasound-guided IGM interventions with clinical and sonographic breast diagrams for longitudinal follow-up is now in practice.

Conclusions: The treatment approach described provides a framework for multidisciplinary treatment of IGM and offers insights that may contribute to the ongoing development and improvement of management strategies for this challenging disease.

Keywords: Breast diagrams; IGM; Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis; Intralesional steroid injections; Ultrasound-guided procedure.