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. 2023 Oct 7;13(1):16910.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-44145-z.

Evaluation of growth adaptation of Cinnamomum camphora seedlings in ionic rare earth tailings environment

H Zhang  1 , C Liu  2 , X Lu  3   4 , G Xia  3
Affiliations

Evaluation of growth adaptation of Cinnamomum camphora seedlings in ionic rare earth tailings environment

H Zhang et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

The root system is an important organ for nutrient uptake and biomass accumulation in plants, while biomass allocation directly affects essential oils content, which plays an essential role in plant growth and development and resistance to adverse environmental conditions. This study was undertaken to investigate the differences and correlation of biomass allocation, root traits and essential oil content (EOC), as well as the adaptations of camphor tree with different chemical types to the ionic rare earth tailing sand habitats. Data from 1-year old cutting seedlings of C. camphora showed that the biomass of C. camphora cuttings was mainly distributed in root system, with the ratio of root biomass 49.9-72.13% and the ratio of root to canopy 1.00-2.64. The total biomass was significantly positively correlated with root length (RL), root surface area (RSA) and dry weight of fine roots (diameter ≤ 2 mm) (P < 0.05). Root biomass and leaf biomass were negatively and positively with specific root length (SRL) and specific root surface area (SRSA), respectively. Leaf biomass presented a positive effect on EOC (P < 0.05), with the correlation coefficient of 0.808. The suitability sort of these camphor trees was as follows: C. camphora β-linalool, C. camphora α-linaloolII, C. camphora α-linaloolI being better adapted to the ionic rare earth tailings substrate, C. camphora citral being the next, and C. porrectum β-linalool and C. camphora borneol being the least adaptive. EOC played a positive role in the adaptation of C. camphora (R2 = 0.6099, P < 0.05). Therefore camphor tree with linalool type is the appropriate choice in the ecological restoration of ionic rare earth tailings. The study could provide scientific recommendations for the ecological restoration of ionic rare earth tailings area combined with industrial development.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Biomass allocation ratio of different organs in camphor seedlings with different chemical types.
Figure 2
Figure 2
PCA (principal component analysis) among the plant biomass, root traits indexes and essential oil content in camphor seedlings of different chemical types. TB total biomass, SB stem biomass, SR stem ratio, LB leaf biomass, LR leaf ratio, RB root biomass, RR root ratio, EOC essential oil content, FRL fine root length, CRL coarse root length, RLR root length ratio of fine root to coarse root, FRSA fine root surface area, CRSA coarse root surface area, SRSA specific root surface area, FRW fine root weight, CRW coarse root weight, RWR root weight ratio of fine root to coarse root, SFRL specific fine root length, SCRL specific coarse root length, SRLR specific root length ratio of fine root to coarse root, SFRSA specific fine root surface area, SCRSA specific coarse root surface area, STRAS specific total root surface area. The blue arrows represent plant biomass and essential oil content, the gray arrows represent root traits.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Relationship between adaptive ranking and essential oil content (EOC) of different chemotypes camphor in ionic rare earth tailing sand substrates.
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