The Effect of Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System in Patients With Liver Failure: A Case Series of 44 Patients

Abstract

Background: Liver failure is associated with a high mortality rate, with many patients requiring transplant for definitive treatment. The Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System (MARS) is a nonbiologic system that provides extracorporeal support. Literature on MARS therapy is mixed: outcomes support MARS therapy for patients with isolated acute liver failure, but data on patients with chronic disease is varied. Several case studies report success using MARS as a bridging treatment for patients awaiting transplant. The purpose of this case series is to present the outcomes of 44 patients who underwent MARS therapy for liver failure, 19 of whom used MARS therapy as a bridging therapy to transplant.

Methods: This study retrospectively identified 44 patients who underwent MARS therapy for liver failure at Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, between January 2014 and April 2021. Variables of interest included changes in laboratory markers of hepatic functioning, number and length of MARS therapy sessions, transplantation status, and mortality.

Results: Following MARS therapy, there were improvements in mean serum bilirubin, ammonia, urea, creatinine, International Normalized Ratio, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase levels. Twenty-seven patients (61.36%) survived the hospital stay; 17 (38.63%) died in the hospital. The majority of surviving patients (n = 19; 73.07%) received liver transplant. Six did not require transplant (22.22%). All but 1 patient who received MARS as a bridging treatment to transplant survived the follow-up period (n = 18; 94.74%).

Conclusions: Outcomes of these 44 cases suggest that MARS improves liver failure-associated laboratory parameters and may be effective therapy as a bridge to liver transplant.