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. 2023 Sep 12;9(9):e20084.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20084. eCollection 2023 Sep.

Feedback based on experience sampling data: Examples of current approaches and considerations for future research

Sara Laureen Bartels  1   2 , Catherine van Zelst  3   4 , Bernardo Melo Moura  1   5   6 , Naomi E M Daniëls  1   7 , Claudia J P Simons  1   4 , Machteld Marcelis  1   4 , Fionneke M Bos  8   9 , Michelle N Servaas  8
Affiliations

Feedback based on experience sampling data: Examples of current approaches and considerations for future research

Sara Laureen Bartels et al. Heliyon. .

Abstract

Methodologies such as the Experience Sampling Method (ESM) or Ecological Momentary Assessment allow the gathering of fine-graded, dynamic, personal data within a patient's daily life. Currently, it is studied whether feedback based on experience sampling data (ESM-based feedback) can be used as a clinical tool to inform shared decision-making in clinical practice. Although the potential of feedback is recognized, little is known on how to generate, use, and implement it. This article (i) presents n = 15 ongoing ESM projects within the Belgian-Dutch network for ESM research wherein ESM-based feedback is provided to various patient populations, and (ii) summarizes qualitative data on experiences with ESM-based feedback of researchers (n = 8) with extensive expertise with ESM (average of 10 years) involved in these ongoing studies. The following aspects appear to be of relevance when providing ESM-based feedback: training for healthcare professionals and researchers, the use of online interfaces and graphical visualizations to present data, and interacting with patients in a face-to-face setting when discussing the contextual relevance and potential implications. Prospectively, research may build on these aspects and create coherent consensus-based guidelines for the use of ESM-based feedback.

Keywords: ESM-based feedback; Ecological momentary assessment; Experience sampling method; Guidelines; Momentary data.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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