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. 2023 Aug 16;85(10):4667-4673.
doi: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000001204. eCollection 2023 Oct.

Association of vitamin D and functional dyspepsia: a case-control study

Dhriti Sundar Das  1 , Gautom Kumar Saharia  2 , Manas Kumar Panigrahi  3 , Debananda Sahoo  1
Affiliations

Association of vitamin D and functional dyspepsia: a case-control study

Dhriti Sundar Das et al. Ann Med Surg (Lond). .

Abstract

Background: Vitamin D plays a key role in responses of brain-gut axis. It has been suggested that functional dyspepsia (FD) may be associated with decreased levels of vitamin D. Hence this study wished to find the association between vitamin D in patients with FD.

Materials and methods: This case-control study was done at a tertiary care hospital with 150 cases and 150 controls. FD was diagnosed by the ROME IV criteria. Demographic profile and serum vitamin D levels including Perceived Stress Score (PSS) and salivary amylase were determined for both cases and controls.

Results: Majority of the FD cases were males (57.3%). Post-prandial distress syndrome represented the major type of FD cases (69.3%). A higher mean BMI was found among the control group (23.2 vs. 21.2, P<0.05) and higher percentage of obese individuals in the control group (42.7% vs. 29.3%, P= 0.05). Majority of the cases are from rural background (89.3% vs. 74%, P<0.001). Comparison of PSS showed that cases had significantly higher grades of PSS than control (P<0.001). However, no significant association was found in the levels of salivary amylase between the groups (P=0.728). Hypovitaminosis D (<30 ng/ml) was found significantly more among cases than controls (73.3% vs. 60%; P<0.05) with an odds ratio of 1.833 (CI 95%= 1.126-2.985). After adjustment of age, place of residence and BMI, vitamin D levels were significantly associated with FD in the regression analysis.

Conclusion: This study shows significant association of vitamin D deficiency in FD patients. It also opens up new avenues for further research into the role of vitamin D supplementation to further improve the management of such cases.

Keywords: case-control study; functional dyspepsia; vitamin D deficiency.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Boxplot showing comparison of vitamin D levels between functional dyspepsia and controls stratified by BMI.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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