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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2023 Oct;11(19):e15835.
doi: 10.14814/phy2.15835.

Effects of heat-killed Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TWK10 on exercise performance, fatigue, and muscle growth in healthy male adults

Yi-Chen Cheng  1 , Chia-Chia Lee  1 , Mon-Chien Lee  2 , Han-Yin Hsu  1 , Jin-Seng Lin  1 , Chi-Chang Huang  2 , Koichi Watanabe  1   3
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Effects of heat-killed Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TWK10 on exercise performance, fatigue, and muscle growth in healthy male adults

Yi-Chen Cheng et al. Physiol Rep. 2023 Oct.

Abstract

Consumption of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TWK10 (TWK10) has beneficial probiotic effects, improves exercise endurance performance, regulates body composition, and mitigates aging-related problems in mice and humans. Here, we investigated the effects of heat-killed TWK10 on exercise endurance performance, muscle weight and strength, fatigue, and body composition in a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Thirty healthy males aged 20-40 years were assigned to the Control group or heat-killed TWK10 group (TWK10-HK) in a balanced order according to each individual's initial maximal oxygen uptake. After 6-week administration, the exercise endurance time in the TWK10-HK was significantly increased (p = 0.0028) compared with that in the Control group. The grip strength on the right and left hands of the subjects was significantly increased (p = 0.0002 and p = 0.0140, respectively) in the TWK10-HK compared with that in the Control group. Administration of heat-killed TWK10 resulted in a significant increase (p = 0.0275) in muscle weight. After 6-week administration, serum lactate, and ammonia levels were significantly lower in the TWK10-HK group than in the Control group during the exercise and recovery periods. These findings demonstrate that heat-killed TWK10 has significant potential to be used as a postbiotic for humans.

Keywords: Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TWK10; exercise performance; fatigue; heat-killed; muscle; postbiotic.

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Conflict of interest statement

Yi‐Chen Cheng, Chia‐Chia Lee, Han‐Yin Hsu, Jin‐Seng Lin, and Koichi Watanabe are employed by SYNBIO TECH INC. Mon‐Chien Lee and Chi‐Chang Huang declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
CONSORT flow diagram of this study.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Effects of heat‐killed TWK10 administration on (a) exercise endurance performance and (b) grip strength of the subjects. Data are shown as mean ± SD. The statistical significance was analyzed by two‐way repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni post‐hoc test.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Effects of heat‐killed TWK10 administration on circulating (a, b) lactate, (c) ammonia, (d) glucose, and (e) creatine kinase levels during and after the exercise challenge. Data are shown as mean ± SD. Treatment effects of serum lactate, ammonia, glucose, and creatine kinase levels were statistically analyzed using the unpaired Student's t‐test. The production rate and clearance rate of serum lactate were statistically analyzed using Mann–Whitney U‐test. Production rate = [(lactate concentration at E30)–(lactate concentration at baseline)]/(exercise duration, 30 min). Clearance rate = [(lactate concentration at E30)–(lactate concentration at R60)]/(recovery period, 60 min). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Principal component analysis (PCA) of 30 healthy adults. The data of physical features (BW, BMI, muscle weight, fat mass, grip strength [right and left hands], and endurance time) of 30 subjects were subjected to PCA, and the first two principal components, PC1 and PC2 were plotted. The seven loadings of variables are indicated by arrows together with their variable names.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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