Diabetes: a tipping point in neurodegenerative diseases
- PMID: 37827904
- PMCID: PMC10844978
- DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.09.005
Diabetes: a tipping point in neurodegenerative diseases
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with an increased risk and progression of Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD) diseases. Conversely, diabetes may confer neuroprotection against amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). It has been posited that perturbations in glucose and insulin regulation, cholesterol metabolism, and mitochondrial bioenergetics defects may underlie the molecular underpinnings of diabetes effects on the brain. Nevertheless, the precise molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we discuss the evidence from molecular, epidemiological, and clinical studies investigating the impact of diabetes on neurodegeneration and highlight shared dysregulated pathways between these complex comorbidities. We also discuss promising antidiabetic drugs, molecular diagnostics currently in clinical trials, and outstanding questions and challenges for future pursuit.
Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; Parkinson’s disease; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; diabetes; insulin resistance.
Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Conflict of interest statement
Declaration of interests J.A.S. is the founder of NeuroHub Analytics LLC. J.A.P. will test biomarkers in the LixiPark study RC31/16-8912 (NCT03439943)(viii). J.A.P. and J.A.S. are the inventors on Patent US 9,970,056 B2, Methods and Kits for Diagnosing, Prognosing and Monitoring Parkinson's Disease. M.K., M.L., and D.V. declare no competing interests.
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