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Review
. 2023 Oct 7;15(19):4876.
doi: 10.3390/cancers15194876.

Fatty Pancreas Is a Risk Factor for Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 2956 Patients

Mónika Lipp  1   2   3 , Dorottya Tarján  1   2 , Jimin Lee  2   4 , Ádám Zolcsák  2   5 , Eszter Szalai  2   6 , Brigitta Teutsch  2   3 , Nándor Faluhelyi  2   7 , Bálint Erőss  1   2   3 , Péter Hegyi  1   2   3   8 , Alexandra Mikó  2   3   9
Affiliations
Review

Fatty Pancreas Is a Risk Factor for Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 2956 Patients

Mónika Lipp et al. Cancers (Basel). .

Abstract

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. Recently, fatty pancreas (FP) has been studied thoroughly, and although its relationship to PC is not fully understood, FP is suspected to contribute to the development of PC. We aimed to assess the association between PC and FP by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. We systematically searched three databases, MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL, on 21 October 2022. Case-control and cross-sectional studies reporting on patients where the intra-pancreatic fat deposition was determined by modern radiology or histology were included. As main outcome parameters, FP in patients with and without PC and PC in patients with and without FP were measured. Proportion and odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were used for effect size measure. PC among patients with FP was 32% (OR 1.32; 95% CI 0.42-4.16). However, the probability of having FP among patients with PC was more than six times higher (OR 6.13; 95% CI 2.61-14.42) than in patients without PC, whereas the proportion of FP among patients with PC was 0.62 (95% CI 0.42-0.79). Patients identified with FP are at risk of developing PC. Proper screening and follow-up of patients with FP may be recommended.

Keywords: metabolic syndrome; obesity; pancreatic adenocarcinoma; pancreatic steatosis; risk factors.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
PRISMA 2020 flow diagram of the screening and selection process.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Forest plot representing the presence of PC among patients with FP—Analysis A. FP: fatty pancreas PC: pancreatic cancer, OR: odds ratio, and CI: confidence interval [36,37,38].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Forest plot representing the presence of FP among patients with PC. FP: fatty pancreas, PC: pancreatic cancer, OR: odds ratio, and CI: confidence interval [39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47].
Figure 4
Figure 4
Forest plot on the proportion of FP among PC patients. FP: fatty pancreas, PC: pancreatic cancer, and CI: confidence interval [39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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